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to restrain sb from doing sth

Толкование Перевод

1 restrain

restrain

A vtr

1 ( hold back) retenir [person, tears, laughter] ; contenir [desires] ; maîtriser [attacker, animal] ; contenir [crowd] ; to restrain sb from doing sth empêcher qn de faire qch ;

2 ( curb) limiter [spending, demand] ; maîtriser [inflation] ;

3 ( control) limiter [demonstration, picketing] ;

4 GB Jur restraining order injonction f.

B v refl to restrain oneself se retenir.

Big English-French dictionary > restrain
2 restrain

transitive verb

zurückhalten [Gefühl, Lachen, Drang, Person]; bändigen [unartiges Kind, Tier]

restrain somebody/oneself from doing something — jemanden davon abhalten/sich zurückhalten, etwas zu tun

restrain yourself! — beherrsch dich!

* * *
[rə'strein]
verb

(to prevent from doing something; to control: He was so angry he could hardly restrain himself; He had to be restrained from hitting the man; He restrained his anger with difficulty.) zurückhalten

- academic.ru/61880/restrained">restrained

* * *

re·strain

[rɪˈstreɪn]

vt

1. (physically check)

▪ to \restrain sb jdn zurückhalten; (forcefully) jdn bändigen

▪ to \restrain sb from [doing] sth jdn davon abhalten, etw zu tun

2. (hold back)

▪ to \restrain sth etw zurückhalten

▪ to \restrain oneself sich akk beherrschen

to \restrain an impulse to do sth einen Drang, etw zu tun, unterdrücken

she \restrained her impulse to smile sie unterdrückte ein Lächeln

3. (keep under control)

▪ to \restrain sth etw einschränken [o beschränken] [o geh restringieren]

to \restrain arms sales den Waffenverkauf mit Restriktionen belegen

to \restrain inflation die Inflation aufhalten

* * *
[rI'streɪn]
vt
person zurückhalten; prisoner mit Gewalt festhalten; animal, unruly children, madman bändigen; radicals in Schranken halten; sb's activities, power einschränken; emotions, laughter unterdrücken
to restrain inflation/prices — die Inflationsrate/Preisentwicklung aufhalten

to exercise a restraining influence — etwas mildernd einwirken (on auf +acc )

to restrain sb from doing sth — jdn davon abhalten, etw zu tun

to restrain oneself — sich beherrschen

* * *

restrain [rıˈstreın] v/t

1. zurückhalten, hindern:

restrain sb from doing sth jemanden davon abhalten oder daran hindern, etwas zu tun;

restraining order JUR US einstweilige Verfügung

2. a) in Schranken halten, Einhalt gebieten (dat)

b) ein Pferd etc, auch fig im Zaum halten, bändigen, zügeln

3. Gefühle unterdrücken, seine Neugier etc bezähmen

4. a) einsperren, -schließen

b) einen Geisteskranken in einer Anstalt unterbringen:

restrain sb of his liberty jemanden seiner Freiheit berauben

5. jemandes Macht etc be-, einschränken

6. WIRTSCH die Produktion etc drosseln

* * *

transitive verb

zurückhalten [Gefühl, Lachen, Drang, Person]; bändigen [unartiges Kind, Tier]

restrain somebody/oneself from doing something — jemanden davon abhalten/sich zurückhalten, etwas zu tun

restrain yourself! — beherrsch dich!

* * *

v.

zurück halten v.

zurückhalten (alt.Rechtschreibung) v.

English-german dictionary > restrain
3 restrain

rə'strein
verb

(to prevent from doing something; to control: He was so angry he could hardly restrain himself; He had to be restrained from hitting the man; He restrained his anger with difficulty.) refrenar(se), contenerse

- restrained

restrain vb contener

she couldn't restrain herself no pudo contenerse

restrain

tr[rɪ'streɪn]

transitive verb

1 contener

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

to restrain oneself from doing something contenerse para no hacer algo

to restrain somebody from doing something impedir que alguien haga algo

restrain [ri'streɪn] vt

1) : refrenar, contener

2)

to restrain oneself : contenerse

restrain

v.

• aprisionar v.

• coartar v.

• coercer v.

• cohibir v.

• contener v.

(§pres: -tengo, -tienes...-tenemos) pret: -tuv-

fut/c: -tendr-•)

• embargar v.

• encerrar v.

• enfrenar v.

• estrechar v.

• frenar v.

• moderar v.

• morigerar v.

• refrenar v.

• restringir v.

rɪ'streɪn
1.

transitive verb \<\<prisoner/dog\>\> contener*; \<\<desire/anger\>\> dominar, contener*, refrenar

to restrain somebody FROM -ing: an order restraining the company from building on the site — una orden judicial que prohíbe a la compañía construir en el predio

2.

v refl

to restrain oneself — contenerse*, refrenarse

[rɪs'treɪn]
VT
1) (=hold back) refrenar; (=repress) reprimir; (=dissuade) disuadir; (=prevent) impedir; (=inhibit) cohibir

to restrain sb from doing sth — (=dissuade) disuadir a algn de hacer algo; (=physically prevent) impedir a algn hacer algo

kindly restrain your friend — haga el favor de refrenar a su amigo

2) (=contain) contener; (=confine) encerrar

I managed to restrain my anger — logré contener mi enojo

to restrain o.s. — contenerse

to restrain o.s. from doing sth — dominarse para que no haga algo

but I restrained myself — pero me contuve, pero me dominé

please restrain yourself! — ¡por favor, cálmese!

* * *
[rɪ'streɪn]
1.

transitive verb \<\<prisoner/dog\>\> contener*; \<\<desire/anger\>\> dominar, contener*, refrenar

to restrain somebody FROM -ing: an order restraining the company from building on the site — una orden judicial que prohíbe a la compañía construir en el predio

2.

v refl

to restrain oneself — contenerse*, refrenarse

English-spanish dictionary > restrain
4 restrain

[rɪ'streɪn] 1.
verbo transitivo

1) (hold back) trattenere [person, tears]; contenere [crowd, desires]; bloccare [ attacker]

to restrain sb. from doing sth. — impedire a qcn. di fare qcs

2) (curb) limitare [ spending]; contenere [ inflation]
2.
verbo riflessivo

to restrain oneself — trattenersi

* * *
[rə'strein]
verb

(to prevent from doing something; to control: He was so angry he could hardly restrain himself; He had to be restrained from hitting the man; He restrained his anger with difficulty.) contenere, frenare

- restrained

* * *
[rɪ'streɪn] 1.
verbo transitivo

1) (hold back) trattenere [person, tears]; contenere [crowd, desires]; bloccare [ attacker]

to restrain sb. from doing sth. — impedire a qcn. di fare qcs

2) (curb) limitare [ spending]; contenere [ inflation]
2.
verbo riflessivo

to restrain oneself — trattenersi

English-Italian dictionary > restrain
5 restrain

re·strain [rɪʼstreɪn] vt

1) ( physically check)

to \restrain sb jdn zurückhalten;

( forcefully) jdn bändigen;

to \restrain sb from [doing] sth jdn davon abhalten, etw zu tun

2) ( hold back)

to \restrain sth etw zurückhalten;

to \restrain oneself sich akk beherrschen;

to \restrain an impulse to do sth einen Drang, etw zu tun, unterdrücken;

she \restrained her impulse to smile sie unterdrückte ein Lächeln

3) ( keep under control)

to \restrain sth etw einschränken [o beschränken] [o ( geh) restringieren];

to \restrain arms sales den Waffenverkauf mit Restriktionen belegen;

to \restrain inflation die Inflation aufhalten

English-German students dictionary > restrain
6 restrain re·strain vt

[rɪ'streɪn]
(feeling) contenere, frenare, (dog etc) tenere sotto controllo

to restrain o.s. — controllarsi, trattenersi

to restrain sb (from doing sth) — trattenere qn (dal fare qc)

English-Italian dictionary > restrain re·strain vt
7 restrain

[rɪs'treɪn]
vt

person, feeling hamować (pohamować perf); growth, inflation hamować (zahamować perf)

to restrain sb/o.s. from doing sth — powstrzymywać (powstrzymać perf) kogoś/się od zrobienia czegoś

* * *
[rə'strein]
verb

(to prevent from doing something; to control: He was so angry he could hardly restrain himself; He had to be restrained from hitting the man; He restrained his anger with difficulty.) powstrzymać

- restrained

English-Polish dictionary > restrain
8 keep

1. transitive verb,
kept

1) (observe) halten [Versprechen, Schwur usw.]; einhalten [Verabredung, Vereinbarung, Vertrag, Zeitplan]

2) (guard) behüten, beschützen [Person]; hüten [Herde, Schafe]; schützen [Stadt, Festung]; verwahren [Wertgegenstände]

keep somebody safe — jemanden beschützen

keep something locked away — etwas unter Verschluss halten od. aufbewahren

3) (have charge of) aufbewahren; verwahren

4) (retain possession of) behalten; (not lose or destroy) aufheben [Quittung, Rechnung]

you can keep it — (coll.): (I do not want it) das kannst du behalten od. dir an den Hut stecken (ugs.)

5) (maintain) unterhalten, instandhalten [Gebäude, Straße usw.]; pflegen [Garten]

neatly kept — gut gepflegt

6) (carry on, manage) unterhalten, führen, betreiben [Geschäft, Lokal, Bauernhof]

7) halten [Schweine, Bienen, Hund, Katze usw]; sich (Dat.) halten [Diener, Auto]

8) führen [Tagebuch, Liste usw.]

keep the books — die Bücher führen

9) (provide for) versorgen, unterhalten [Familie]

keep somebody/oneself in cigarettes — etc. jemanden/sich mit Zigaretten usw. versorgen

10) sich (Dat.) halten [Geliebte, Mätresse usw.]

11) (have on sale) führen [Ware]

keep a stock of something — etwas [am Lager] haben

12) (maintain in quality, state, or position) halten [Rhythmus]

keep something in one's head — etwas [im Kopf] behalten; sich (Dat.) etwas merken

keep somebody waiting — jemanden warten lassen

keep the office running smoothly — dafür sorgen, dass im Büro weiterhin alles reibungslos [ab]läuft

keep somebody alive — jemanden am Leben halten

keep the traffic moving — den Verkehr in Fluss halten

keep something shut/tidy — etwas geschlossen/in Ordnung halten

13) (detain) festhalten

what kept you? — wo bleibst du denn?

don't let me keep you — lass dich [von mir] nicht aufhalten

keep somebody in prison — jemanden in Haft halten

14) (restrain, prevent)

keep somebody from doing something — jemanden davon abhalten od. daran hindern, etwas zu tun

to keep myself from falling — um nicht zu fallen

15) (reserve) aufheben; aufsparen

keep a seat for somebody — jemandem einen Platz freihalten

keep it for oneself — es für sich behalten

keep something for later — etc. sich (Dat.) etwas für später usw. aufheben od. aufsparen

16) (conceal)

keep something to oneself — etwas für sich behalten

keep something from somebody — jemandem etwas verheimlichen
2. intransitive verb,
kept

1) (remain in specified place, condition) bleiben

keep warm/clean — sich warm/sauber halten

how are you keeping? — (coll.) wie geht's [dir] denn so? (ugs.)

are you keeping well? — geht's dir gut?

keep together — zusammenbleiben

2) (continue in course, direction, or action)

keep [to the] left/[to the] right/straight on — sich links/rechts halten/immer geradeaus fahren/gehen usw.

‘keep left’ — (traffic sign) "links vorbeifahren"

keep behind me — halte dich od. bleib hinter mir

keep doing something — (not stop) etwas weiter tun; (repeatedly) etwas immer wieder tun; (constantly) etwas dauernd od. immer tun

keep talking/working etc. until... — weiterreden/-arbeiten usw., bis...

3) (remain good) [Lebensmittel:] sich halten

what I have to say won't keep — was ich zu sagen habe, ist eilig od. eilt
3. noun
1) (maintenance) Unterhalt, der

I get £100 a month and my keep — ich bekomme 100 Pfund monatlich und Logis

something doesn't earn its keep — etwas zahlt sich nicht aus (ugs.)

you don't earn your keep — du bist nichts als ein unnützer Esser

2)

for keeps — (coll.) auf Dauer; (to be retained) zum Behalten

3) (Hist.): (tower) Bergfried, der

Phrasal Verbs:

- academic.ru/120203/keep_after">keep after

- keep at

- keep away

- keep back

- keep down

- keep from

- keep in

- keep off

- keep on

- keep out

- keep out of

- keep to

- keep up

* * *
[ki:p] 1. past tense, past participle - kept; verb
1) (to have for a very long or indefinite period of time: He gave me the picture to keep.) behalten

2) (not to give or throw away; to preserve: I kept the most interesting books; Can you keep a secret?) behalten

3) (to (cause to) remain in a certain state or position: I keep this gun loaded; How do you keep cool in this heat?; Will you keep me informed of what happens?)

4) (to go on (performing or repeating a certain action): He kept walking.) weiter-

5) (to have in store: I always keep a tin of baked beans for emergencies.) aufbewahren

6) (to look after or care for: She keeps the garden beautifully; I think they keep hens.) halten

7) (to remain in good condition: That meat won't keep in this heat unless you put it in the fridge.) sich halten

8) (to make entries in (a diary, accounts etc): She keeps a diary to remind her of her appointments; He kept the accounts for the club.) führen

9) (to hold back or delay: Sorry to keep you.) aufhalten

10) (to provide food, clothes, housing for (someone): He has a wife and child to keep.) unterhalten

11) (to act in the way demanded by: She kept her promise.) halten

12) (to celebrate: to keep Christmas.) feiern
2. noun
(food and lodging: She gives her mother money every week for her keep; Our cat really earns her keep - she kills all the mice in the house.) der Unterhalt

- keeper
- keeping
- keep-fit
- keepsake
- for keeps
- in keeping with
- keep away
- keep back
- keep one's distance
- keep down
- keep one's end up
- keep from
- keep going
- keep hold of
- keep house for
- keep house
- keep in
- keep in mind
- keep it up
- keep off
- keep on
- keep oneself to oneself
- keep out
- keep out of
- keep time
- keep to
- keep something to oneself
- keep to oneself
- keep up
- keep up with the Joneses
- keep watch
* * *

keep

[ki:p]

I. NOUN

1. no pl (livelihood) [Lebens]unterhalt m

not to be worth one's \keep sein Geld nicht wert sein

to earn one's \keep [sich dat] seinen Lebensunterhalt verdienen

2. (main tower of castle) Bergfried m; (dungeon) Burgverlies nt

II. TRANSITIVE VERB

<kept, kept>

1. (hold onto)

▪ to \keep sth etw behalten [o aufheben]

to \keep bills/receipts Rechnungen/Quittungen aufheben

to \keep the change das Wechselgeld behalten

to \keep one's sanity sich akk geistig gesund halten

2. (have in particular place)

▪ to \keep sth etw [bereit] stehen haben [o SCHWEIZ, ÖSTERR a. parat haben]

he \keeps a glass of water next to his bed er hat immer ein Glas Wasser neben seinem Bett stehen

3. (store)

▪ to \keep sth medicine, money etw aufbewahren [o SCHWEIZ a. versorgen] [o ÖSTERR a. aufheben]

to \keep sth safe etw verwahren

where do you \keep your cups? wo sind die Tassen?

4. (run)

to \keep a shop ein Geschäft führen

5. (sell)

to \keep sth shop etw führen [o auf Lager haben

6. (detain)

▪ to \keep sb jdn aufhalten

to \keep sb waiting jdn warten lassen

7. (prevent)

▪ to \keep sb from doing sth jdn davon abhalten, etw zu tun

8. (maintain)

you have to \keep your dog on a chain Hunde müssen an der Leine bleiben

to \keep sb/sth under control jdn/etw unter Kontrolle halten

to \keep count of sth etw mitzählen

I'll \keep count of how many times you jump ich zähle, wie oft du springst

to \keep sth up-to-date etw auf dem neuesten Stand halten

to \keep one's eyes fixed on sb/sth den Blick auf jdn/etw geheftet halten

to \keep sth in one's head etw im Kopf behalten

to \keep house den Haushalt führen

to \keep sb in line dafür sorgen, dass jd sich akk an die Ordnung hält

to \keep sb/sth in mind jdn/etw im Gedächtnis behalten

to \keep a mistress sich dat eine Geliebte halten

to \keep one's mouth shut [or closed] den Mund halten

to \keep sb under observation jdn beobachten lassen

to \keep oneself to oneself für sich akk [allein] bleiben, [die] Gesellschaft [anderer] meiden

to \keep track of sb/sth jdn/etw im Auge behalten

\keep track of how many people have entered reception merken Sie sich, wie viele Leute die Eingangshalle betreten haben

I don't \keep track of the cats we've had any more ich weiß gar nicht mehr, wie viele Katzen wir schon gehabt haben

to \keep sb awake jdn wachhalten [o nicht einschlafen lassen]

to \keep sth closed/open etw geschlossen/geöffnet lassen

to \keep sb/sth warm jdn/etw warmhalten

9. (care for)

to \keep children Kinder betreuen

10. (own)

▪ to \keep animals Tiere halten

11. (guard)

▪ to \keep sth etw bewachen

to \keep goal im Tor stehen nt, das Tor hüten

to \keep watch Wache halten

12. (not reveal)

▪ to \keep sth from sb jdm etw akk vorenthalten [o verschweigen]

▪ to \keep sth to oneself etw akk für sich akk behalten

13. (stick to)

▪ to \keep sth etw [ein]halten [o befolgen]

to \keep an appointment/a treaty einen Termin/einen Vertrag einhalten

to \keep the faith fest im Glauben [o glaubensstark] sein

\keep the faith! AM nur Mut!, Kopf hoch!

he's really nervous about the presentation but I told him to \keep the faith er ist wirklich aufgeregt wegen der Moderation, aber ich habe ihm gesagt, er solle zuversichtlich sein

to \keep the law/the Ten Commandments das Gesetz/die Zehn Gebote befolgen

to \keep an oath/a promise einen Schwur/ein Versprechen halten

to \keep the sabbath den Sabbat heiligen

to \keep a tradition eine Tradition wahren

14. (make records)

to \keep the books die Bücher führen

to \keep a diary [or journal] ein Tagebuch führen

to \keep a log [or record] of sth über etw akk Buch führen

to \keep the minutes [das] Protokoll führen

to \keep score SPORT die Punkte anschreiben

15. (provide for)

▪ to \keep sb/sth jdn/etw unterhalten [o versorgen]

to \keep sb in cigarettes/money jdn mit Zigaretten/Geld versorgen

the news will \keep her in gossip for some time to come aufgrund dieser Meldung wird man noch einige Zeit über sie tratschen fam

16.

▶ to \keep one's balance [or feet] das Gleichgewicht halten

▶ to \keep an eye out for sth nach etw dat Ausschau halten

▶ to \keep one's hand in sth bei etw dat die Hand [weiterhin] im Spiel haben [o fam [nach wie vor] mitmischen]

▶ to \keep a secret ein Geheimnis hüten [o bewahren]

▶ to \keep time watch richtig [o genau] gehen; MUS Takt halten

III. INTRANSITIVE VERB

<kept, kept>

1. (stay fresh) food sich akk halten

2. (wait) Zeit haben

that gruesome story can \keep until we've finished eating, John diese Schauergeschichte hat Zeit bis nach dem Essen, John

your questions can \keep until later deine Fragen können noch warten

3. (stay) bleiben

to \keep to one's bed im Bett bleiben

she's ill and has to \keep to her bed sie ist krank und muss das Bett hüten

to \keep in line sich akk an die Ordnung halten

to \keep in step with sb mit jdm Schritt halten

to \keep awake/healthy wach/gesund bleiben

to \keep cool einen kühlen Kopf [o die Ruhe] bewahren

to \keep [to the] left/right sich akk [mehr] links/rechts halten

to \keep quiet still sein

4. (continue)

▪ to \keep doing sth etw weiter tun

don't stop, \keep walking bleib nicht stehen, geh weiter

he \keeps trying to distract me er versucht ständig, mich abzulenken

don't \keep asking silly questions stell nicht immer so dumme Fragen

▪ to \keep at sth mit etw dat weitermachen, an etw dat dranbleiben fam

5. (stop oneself)

▪ to \keep from doing sth etw unterlassen, sich dat etw akk verkneifen fam

though the show was disgusting, he couldn't \keep from looking obwohl die Show abscheulich war, musste er sie sich einfach ansehen

how will I ever \keep from smoking? wie kann ich jemals mit dem Rauchen aufhören?

6. (adhere to)

▪ to \keep to sth an etw dat festhalten; (not digress) bei etw dat bleiben

to \keep to an agreement/a promise sich akk an eine Vereinbarung/ein Versprechen halten

to \keep to a schedule einen Zeitplan einhalten

to \keep to a/the subject [or topic] bei einem/beim Thema bleiben

7.

▶ how are you \keeping? BRIT wie geht's dir so?

* * *

keep [kiːp]

A s

1. (Lebens)Unterhalt m:

earn one’s keep

2. (Unterkunft f und) Verpflegung f

3. Unterhaltskosten pl (eines Pferdes etc):

earn its keep sich bezahlt machen

4. for keeps umg

a) für oder auf immer, endgültig:

settle a controversy for keeps einen Streit ein für alle Mal beilegen;

it’s mine for keeps ich kann oder darf es behalten

b) ernsthaft

5. Obhut f, Verwahrung f

6. a) Bergfried m, Hauptturm m

b) Burgverlies n

B v/t prät und pperf kept [kept]

1. (be)halten, SPORT einen Spieler halten:

keep the ticket in your hand behalte die Karte in der Hand

2. jemanden oder etwas lassen, (in einem bestimmten Zustand) (er)halten:

keep apart getrennt halten, auseinanderhalten;

keep a door closed eine Tür geschlossen halten;

keep sth dry etwas trocken halten oder vor Nässe schützen;

keep sb going

a) jemanden finanziell unterstützen,

b) jemanden am Leben erhalten;

keep the engine running den Motor laufen lassen;

keep sth a secret etwas geheim halten ( from sb vor jemandem); → advised 2, go¹ C 12, wait B 1

3. fig

a) (er)halten, (be)wahren:

keep one’s neutrality seine Neutralität wahren; → balance A 2, distance A 7, order A 1, temper A 4

b) SPORT das Tempo durchhalten

4. (im Besitz) behalten:

you can keep the book;

she wants to keep her baby sie will ihr Baby behalten (will nicht abtreiben);

keep the ball SPORT in Ballbesitz bleiben;

keep the change der Rest (des Geldes) ist für Sie!;

keep your seat, please bitte behalten Sie Platz;

keep a seat for sb jemandem einen Platz frei halten;

you can keep it! umg das kannst du dir an den Hut stecken!

5. fig halten, sich halten oder behaupten in oder auf (dat): → field A 7

6. jemanden aufhalten:

I won’t keep you long;

don’t let me keep you lass dich nicht aufhalten!;

what’s keeping him? wo bleibt er denn nur (so lange)?

7. (fest)halten, bewachen:

keep sb in prison jemanden in Haft halten;

keep sb for lunch jemanden zum Mittagessen dabehalten;

she keeps him here sie hält ihn hier fest, er bleibt ihretwegen hier; → goal 2 b, prisoner 1

8. alte Briefe etc aufheben, aufbewahren:

keep a secret ein Geheimnis bewahren;

can you keep a secret? kannst du schweigen?;

keep sth for later (sich) etwas für später aufheben; → well-kept 2

9. (aufrechter)halten, unterhalten:

keep good relations with sb zu jemandem gute Beziehungen unterhalten; → eye A 2, guard C 3

10. pflegen, (er)halten:

keep in good repair in gutem Zustand erhalten, instand halten;

badly kept

a) in schlechtem Zustand,

b) ungepflegt; → well-kept 1

11. eine Ware führen:

we don’t keep this article

12. ein Tagebuch etc führen: → account C 4, record C 5 a

13. ein Geschäft etc führen:

keep a shop (bes US store) einen Laden haben oder betreiben; → house A 1, A 2

14. ein Amt etc innehaben

15. besonders US eine Versammlung etc (ab)halten:

keep school Schule halten

16. ein Versprechen etc (ein)halten, einlösen:

keep an appointment eine Verabredung einhalten; → word B 4

17. das Bett, Haus, Zimmer hüten, bleiben in (dat):

keep one’s bed( house, room)

18. Vorschriften etc beachten, einhalten, befolgen:

keep Sundays die Sonntage einhalten

19. obs ein Fest begehen, feiern:

keep Christmas

20. ernähren, er-, unterhalten, sorgen für:

have a family to keep eine Familie ernähren müssen;

keep sb in money jemanden mit Geld versorgen;

keep sb in food für jemandes Ernährung sorgen, jemanden ernähren

21. Kostgänger etc haben, beherbergen

22. a) Tiere halten

b) sich ein Hausmädchen, ein Auto etc halten

23. (be)schützen ( from vor dat)

C v/i

1. bleiben:

keep at home;

keep in bed im Bett bleiben;

keep in sight in Sicht(weite) bleiben;

keep out of danger sich nicht in Gefahr bringen; → Verbindungen mit Adverbien

2. sich halten, (in einem bestimmten Zustand) bleiben:

keep calm ruhig oder gelassen bleiben;

keep still stillhalten;

keep still about nichts verlauten lassen von;

keep warm sich warm halten;

keep friends (weiterhin) Freunde bleiben;

keep in good health gesund bleiben;

the milk (weather) will keep die Milch (das Wetter) wird sich halten;

the weather keeps fine das Wetter bleibt schön;

this matter will keep diese Sache hat Zeit oder eilt nicht;

won’t it keep till later? hat das nicht bis später Zeit?;

the secret will keep das Geheimnis bleibt gewahrt; → cool A 1, A 5

3. weiter… (Handlung beibehalten):

he keeps (on) asking me er fragt mich dauernd oder fortwährend oder ständig;

the baby kept (on) crying for hours das Baby weinte stundenlang;

prices keep (on) increasing die Preise steigen immer weiter;

keep (on) laughing

a) weiterlachen, nicht aufhören zu lachen,

b) dauernd oder ständig lachen;

keep smiling immer nur lächeln!, lass den Mut nicht sinken!, Kopf hoch!;

keep (on) trying es weiter versuchen, es immer wieder versuchen

4. sich links oder rechts halten:

keep straight ahead ( oder on) immer geradeaus gehen oder fahren

5. how are you keeping? umg obs wie geht es dir?

* * *
1. transitive verb,
kept

1) (observe) halten [Versprechen, Schwur usw.]; einhalten [Verabredung, Vereinbarung, Vertrag, Zeitplan]

2) (guard) behüten, beschützen [Person]; hüten [Herde, Schafe]; schützen [Stadt, Festung]; verwahren [Wertgegenstände]

keep somebody safe — jemanden beschützen

keep something locked away — etwas unter Verschluss halten od. aufbewahren

3) (have charge of) aufbewahren; verwahren

4) (retain possession of) behalten; (not lose or destroy) aufheben [Quittung, Rechnung]

you can keep it — (coll.): (I do not want it) das kannst du behalten od. dir an den Hut stecken (ugs.)

5) (maintain) unterhalten, instandhalten [Gebäude, Straße usw.]; pflegen [Garten]

neatly kept — gut gepflegt

6) (carry on, manage) unterhalten, führen, betreiben [Geschäft, Lokal, Bauernhof]

7) halten [Schweine, Bienen, Hund, Katze usw]; sich (Dat.) halten [Diener, Auto]

8) führen [Tagebuch, Liste usw.]

keep the books — die Bücher führen

9) (provide for) versorgen, unterhalten [Familie]

keep somebody/oneself in cigarettes — etc. jemanden/sich mit Zigaretten usw. versorgen

10) sich (Dat.) halten [Geliebte, Mätresse usw.]

11) (have on sale) führen [Ware]

keep a stock of something — etwas [am Lager] haben

12) (maintain in quality, state, or position) halten [Rhythmus]

keep something in one's head — etwas [im Kopf] behalten; sich (Dat.) etwas merken

keep somebody waiting — jemanden warten lassen

keep the office running smoothly — dafür sorgen, dass im Büro weiterhin alles reibungslos [ab]läuft

keep somebody alive — jemanden am Leben halten

keep the traffic moving — den Verkehr in Fluss halten

keep something shut/tidy — etwas geschlossen/in Ordnung halten

13) (detain) festhalten

what kept you? — wo bleibst du denn?

don't let me keep you — lass dich [von mir] nicht aufhalten

keep somebody in prison — jemanden in Haft halten

14) (restrain, prevent)

keep somebody from doing something — jemanden davon abhalten od. daran hindern, etwas zu tun

to keep myself from falling — um nicht zu fallen

15) (reserve) aufheben; aufsparen

keep a seat for somebody — jemandem einen Platz freihalten

keep it for oneself — es für sich behalten

keep something for later — etc. sich (Dat.) etwas für später usw. aufheben od. aufsparen

16) (conceal)

keep something to oneself — etwas für sich behalten

keep something from somebody — jemandem etwas verheimlichen
2. intransitive verb,
kept

1) (remain in specified place, condition) bleiben

keep warm/clean — sich warm/sauber halten

how are you keeping? — (coll.) wie geht's [dir] denn so? (ugs.)

are you keeping well? — geht's dir gut?

keep together — zusammenbleiben

2) (continue in course, direction, or action)

keep [to the] left/[to the] right/straight on — sich links/rechts halten/immer geradeaus fahren/gehen usw.

‘keep left’ — (traffic sign) "links vorbeifahren"

keep behind me — halte dich od. bleib hinter mir

keep doing something — (not stop) etwas weiter tun; (repeatedly) etwas immer wieder tun; (constantly) etwas dauernd od. immer tun

keep talking/working etc. until... — weiterreden/-arbeiten usw., bis...

3) (remain good) [Lebensmittel:] sich halten

what I have to say won't keep — was ich zu sagen habe, ist eilig od. eilt
3. noun
1) (maintenance) Unterhalt, der

I get £100 a month and my keep — ich bekomme 100 Pfund monatlich und Logis

something doesn't earn its keep — etwas zahlt sich nicht aus (ugs.)

you don't earn your keep — du bist nichts als ein unnützer Esser

2)

for keeps — (coll.) auf Dauer; (to be retained) zum Behalten

3) (Hist.): (tower) Bergfried, der

Phrasal Verbs:

- keep after

- keep at

- keep away

- keep back

- keep down

- keep from

- keep in

- keep off

- keep on

- keep out

- keep out of

- keep to

- keep up

* * *

v.

(§ p.,p.p.: kept)

= aufbewahren v.

aufhalten v.

behalten v.

halten v.

(§ p.,pp.: hielt, gehalten)

English-german dictionary > keep
9 hold back

hold back trattenersi ( from doing dal fare); hold [sb., sth.] back, hold back [sb., sth.]

1) (restrain) trattenere [water, crowd, tears]; legare [ hair]; trattenere, fermare [ person]; soffocare [ feelings]; contenere [ anger]

2) (prevent progress of) tenere indietro, trattenere [ person]; ritardare [production, development]; differire [ payment]

3) (withhold) nascondere [ information]; (to protect privacy) non rendere pubblico, non rivelare [ name]

* * *

1) (to refuse to tell someone (something): The police were convinced the man was holding something back.) nascondere

2) (to prevent from happening, being seen etc, with an effort: The little girl succeeded in holding back her tears.) trattenere

3) (to prevent from making progress: I meant to finish cleaning the house but the children have held me back all morning.) trattenere, essere di ostacolo

* * *

1. vi + adv

to hold back from sth — tirarsi indietro da qc

to hold back from doing sth — trattenersi dal fare qc

he always holds back when he meets new people — quando incontra gente nuova è sempre poco espansivo

2. vt + adv

1) (restrain: crowd, river) trattenere, contenere, (emotions, tears) trattenere, frenare

to hold sb back from doing sth — impedire a qn di fare qc

2) (information, name) nascondere, non dare, celare

he's holding something back — non sta dicendo tutta la verità

* * *

hold back trattenersi ( from doing dal fare); hold [sb., sth.] back, hold back [sb., sth.]

1) (restrain) trattenere [water, crowd, tears]; legare [ hair]; trattenere, fermare [ person]; soffocare [ feelings]; contenere [ anger]

2) (prevent progress of) tenere indietro, trattenere [ person]; ritardare [production, development]; differire [ payment]

3) (withhold) nascondere [ information]; (to protect privacy) non rendere pubblico, non rivelare [ name]

English-Italian dictionary > hold back
10 hold back

1. transitive verb
1) (restrain) zurückhalten

hold somebody back from doing something — jemanden [daran] hindern, etwas zu tun

2) (impede progress of) hindern

3) (withhold) zurückhalten

hold something back from somebody — jemandem etwas vorenthalten
2. intransitive verb
zögern

hold back from doing something — zögern, etwas zu tun

* * *

1) (to refuse to tell someone (something): The police were convinced the man was holding something back.) verbergen

2) (to prevent from happening, being seen etc, with an effort: The little girl succeeded in holding back her tears.) zurückhalten

3) (to prevent from making progress: I meant to finish cleaning the house but the children have held me back all morning.) abhalten

* * *

◆ hold back

I. vt

1. (keep back)

▪ to \hold back sb ⇆ back jdn zurückhalten [o aufhalten]

nothing can \hold back her back now jetzt ist sie nicht mehr aufzuhalten

she was tempted to tell him the truth, but something held her back sie wollte ihm die Wahrheit sagen, aber dann hielt sie doch etwas davon ab

▪ to \hold back sth ⇆ back emotions etw unterdrücken [o verbergen]

to \hold back back tears Tränen unterdrücken [o zurückhalten]

to \hold back sb back from doing sth jdn daran hindern, etw zu tun

2. (withhold)

▪ to \hold back back ⇆ sth etw verheimlichen, etw verbergen

to \hold back back ⇆ information Informationen geheim halten

3. (prevent from making progress)

▪ to \hold back back ⇆ sb jdn daran hindern, voranzukommen

II. vi

1. (be unforthcoming) nicht sehr mitteilsam sein

she held back from telling the truth sie rückte mit der Wahrheit nicht heraus

2. (refrain)

to \hold back back from doing sth etw unterlassen

I held back from telling her just what I thought ich unterließ es, ihr meine Meinung zu sagen

* * *

hold back

A v/t

1. zurückhalten

2. → academic.ru/35200/hold_in">hold in A

3. fig zurückhalten mit, verschweigen

B v/i

1. sich zurückhalten (auch fig)

2. nicht mit der Sprache herausrücken

* * *
1. transitive verb
1) (restrain) zurückhalten

hold somebody back from doing something — jemanden [daran] hindern, etwas zu tun

2) (impede progress of) hindern

3) (withhold) zurückhalten

hold something back from somebody — jemandem etwas vorenthalten
2. intransitive verb
zögern

hold back from doing something — zögern, etwas zu tun

* * *

v.

sich zögerlich geben ausdr.

zurück halten v.

zurückhalten (alt.Rechtschreibung) v.

English-german dictionary > hold back
11 hold back

1) (to refuse to tell someone (something): The police were convinced the man was holding something back.) esconder, guardarse algo, ocultar

2) (to prevent from happening, being seen etc, with an effort: The little girl succeeded in holding back her tears.) retener, contener(se), reprimir(se)

3) (to prevent from making progress: I meant to finish cleaning the house but the children have held me back all morning.) refrenar, impedir

hold back

v.

• atrasar v.

• detener v.

(§pres: -tengo, -tienes...-tenemos) pret: -tuv-

fut/c: -tendr-•)

• frenar v.

1) v + o + adv, v + adv + o

a) ( restrain) \<\<crowds/water/tears\>\> contener*

b) (withhold, delay) \<\<information\>\> no revelar; \<\<payment\>\> retrasar

he's holding something back from me — me está ocultando algo

2) v + adv ( restrain oneself) contenerse*, frenarse

she held back from telling them — se contuvo y no les dijo nada

1.

VT + ADV (=keep) guardar, retener; (=stop) [+ river, flood] retener; [+ progress] refrenar; [+ information] ocultar, no revelar; [+ names] no comunicar; [+ emotion, tears] reprimir, contener

are you holding sth back from me? — ¿me estás ocultando algo?

to hold o.s. back from doing sth — refrenarse de hacer algo

2.

VI + ADV refrenarse; (in doubt) vacilar

to hold back from — refrenarse de

to hold back from doing sth — refrenarse de hacer algo

* * *

1) v + o + adv, v + adv + o

a) ( restrain) \<\<crowds/water/tears\>\> contener*

b) (withhold, delay) \<\<information\>\> no revelar; \<\<payment\>\> retrasar

he's holding something back from me — me está ocultando algo

2) v + adv ( restrain oneself) contenerse*, frenarse

she held back from telling them — se contuvo y no les dijo nada

English-spanish dictionary > hold back
12 hold

I noun
(of ship) Laderaum, der; (of aircraft) Frachtraum, der
II 1. transitive verb,
held

1) (grasp) halten; (carry) tragen; (keep fast) festhalten

hold somebody by the arm — jemanden am Arm festhalten

2) (support) [tragendes Teil:] halten, stützen, tragen [Decke, Dach usw.]; aufnehmen [Gewicht, Kraft]

3) (keep in position) halten

hold the door open for somebody — jemandem die Tür aufhalten

4) (grasp to control) halten [Kind, Hund, Zügel]

5) (keep in particular attitude)

hold oneself still — stillhalten

hold oneself ready or in readiness — sich bereit od. in Bereitschaft halten

hold one's head high — (fig.) (be confident) selbstbewusst sein od. auftreten; (be proud) den Kopf hoch tragen

6) (contain) enthalten; bergen [Gefahr, Geheimnis]; (be able to contain) fassen [Liter, Personen usw.]

the room holds ten people — in dem Raum haben 10 Leute Platz; der Raum bietet 10 Leuten Platz

hold water — [Behälter:] wasserdicht sein; Wasser halten; (fig.) [Argument, Theorie:] stichhaltig sein, hieb- und stichfest sein

7) (not be intoxicated by)

he can/can't hold his drink or liquor — er kann etwas/nichts vertragen

8) (possess) besitzen; haben

9) (have gained) halten [Rekord]; haben [Diplom, Doktorgrad]

10) (keep possession of) halten [Stützpunkt, Stadt, Stellung]; (Mus.): (sustain) [aus]halten [Ton]

hold one's own — (fig.) sich behaupten

hold one's position — (fig.) auf seinem Standpunkt beharren

11) (occupy) innehaben, (geh.) bekleiden [Posten, Amt, Stellung]

hold office — im Amt sein

hold the line — (Teleph.) am Apparat bleiben

12) (engross) fesseln, (geh.) gefangen halten [Aufmerksamkeit, Publikum]

13) (keep in specified condition) halten

hold the ladder steady — die Leiter festhalten; see also academic.ru/5877/bay">bay III 1.; ransom 1.

14) (detain) (in custody) in Haft halten, festhalten; (imprison) festsetzen; inhaftieren; (arrest) festnehmen

be held in a prison — in einem Gefängnis einsitzen

15) (oblige to adhere)

hold somebody to the terms of the contract/to a promise — darauf bestehen, dass jemand sich an die Vertragsbestimmungen hält/dass jemand ein Versprechen hält od. einlöst

16) (Sport): (restrict)

hold one's opponent [to a draw] — ein Unentschieden [gegen den Gegner] halten od. verteidigen

17) (cause to take place) stattfinden lassen; abhalten [Veranstaltung, Konferenz, Gottesdienst, Sitzung, Prüfung]; veranstalten [Festival, Auktion]; austragen [Meisterschaften]; führen [Unterhaltung, Gespräch, Korrespondenz]; durchführen [Untersuchung]; geben [Empfang]; halten [Vortrag, Rede]

be held — stattfinden

18) (restrain) [fest]halten

hold one's fire — [noch] nicht schießen; (fig.): (refrain from criticism) mit seiner Kritik zurückhalten

19) (coll.): (withhold) zurückhalten

hold it! — [einen] Moment mal!; see also horse 1)

20) (think, believe)

hold a view or an opinion — eine Ansicht haben (on über + Akk.)

hold that... — dafürhalten, dass...; der Ansicht sein, dass...

hold somebody/oneself guilty/blameless — jemanden/sich für schuldig/unschuldig halten ( for an + Dat.)

hold oneself responsible for something — sich für etwas verantwortlich fühlen

hold something against somebody — jemandem etwas vorwerfen; see also dear 1. 1); responsible 1)
2. intransitive verb,
held

1) (not give way) [Seil, Nagel, Anker, Schloss, Angeklebtes:] halten; [Damm:] [stand]halten

2) (remain unchanged) anhalten; [an]dauern; [Wetter:] sich halten, so bleiben; [Angebot, Versprechen:] gelten

his luck held — er hatte auch weiterhin Glück

3) (remain steadfast)

hold to something — bei etwas bleiben; an etwas (Dat.) festhalten

4) (be valid)

hold [good or true] — gelten; Gültigkeit haben
3. noun
1) (grasp) Griff, der

grab or seize hold of something — etwas ergreifen

get or lay or take hold of something — etwas fassen od. packen

keep hold of something — etwas festhalten

lose one's hold — den Halt verlieren

take hold — (fig.) sich durchsetzen; [Krankheit:] fortschreiten

get hold of something — (fig.) etwas bekommen od. auftreiben

get hold of somebody — (fig.) jemanden erreichen

get a hold on oneself — sich fassen

have a hold over somebody — jemanden in der Hand halten; see also catch 1. 1)

2) (influence) Einfluss, der (on, over auf + Akk.)

3) (Sport) Griff, der

there are no holds barred — (fig.) alles ist erlaubt

4) (thing to hold by) Griff, der

5)

put on hold — auf Eis legen [Plan, Programm]

Phrasal Verbs:

- hold back

- hold down

- hold forth

- hold off

- hold on

- hold out

- hold over

- hold up

- hold with

* * *
I 1. [həuld] past tense, past participle - held; verb
1) (to have in one's hand(s) or between one's hands: He was holding a knife; Hold that dish with both hands; He held the little boy's hand; He held the mouse by its tail.) halten

2) (to have in a part, or between parts, of the body, or between parts of a tool etc: He held the pencil in his teeth; She was holding a pile of books in her arms; Hold the stamp with tweezers.) halten

3) (to support or keep from moving, running away, falling etc: What holds that shelf up?; He held the door closed by leaning against it; Hold your hands above your head; Hold his arms so that he can't struggle.) halten

4) (to remain in position, fixed etc when under strain: I've tied the two pieces of string together, but I'm not sure the knot will hold; Will the anchor hold in a storm?) halten

5) (to keep (a person) in some place or in one's power: The police are holding a man for questioning in connection with the murder; He was held captive.) festhalten

6) (to (be able to) contain: This jug holds two pints; You can't hold water in a handkerchief; This drawer holds all my shirts.) (ent)halten

7) (to cause to take place: The meeting will be held next week; We'll hold the meeting in the hall.) abhalten

8) (to keep (oneself), or to be, in a particular state or condition: We'll hold ourselves in readiness in case you send for us; She holds herself very erect.) halten

9) (to have or be in (a job etc): He held the position of company secretary for five years.) beibehalten

10) (to think strongly; to believe; to consider or regard: I hold that this was the right decision; He holds me( to be) responsible for everyone's mistakes; He is held in great respect; He holds certain very odd beliefs.) die Aussicht haben

11) (to continue to be valid or apply: Our offer will hold until next week; These rules hold under all circumstances.) gelten

12) ((with to) to force (a person) to do something he has promised to do: I intend to hold him to his promises.) festhalten

13) (to defend: They held the castle against the enemy.) (stand)halten

14) (not to be beaten by: The general realized that the soldiers could not hold the enemy for long.) standhalten

15) (to keep (a person's attention): If you can't hold your pupils' attention, you can't be a good teacher.) fesseln

16) (to keep someone in a certain state: Don't hold us in suspense, what was the final decision?) abhalten

17) (to celebrate: The festival is held on 24 June.) innehaben

18) (to be the owner of: He holds shares in this company.) sich halten

19) ((of good weather) to continue: I hope the weather holds until after the school sports.) warten

20) ((also hold the line) (of a person who is making a telephone call) to wait: Mr Brown is busy at the moment - will you hold or would you like him to call you back?) aushalten

21) (to continue to sing: Please hold that note for four whole beats.) aufbewahren

22) (to keep (something): They'll hold your luggage at the station until you collect it.) bringen

23) ((of the future) to be going to produce: I wonder what the future holds for me?)
2. noun
1) (the act of holding: He caught/got/laid/took hold of the rope and pulled; Keep hold of that rope.) der Halt

2) (power; influence: He has a strange hold over that girl.) die Gewalt

3) ((in wrestling etc) a manner of holding one's opponent: The wrestler invented a new hold.) der Griff

•

- -holder
- hold-all
- get hold of
- hold back
- hold down
- hold forth
- hold good
- hold it
- hold off
- hold on
- hold out
- hold one's own
- hold one's tongue
- hold up
- hold-up
- hold with II [həuld] noun
((in ships) the place, below the deck, where cargo is stored.) der Schiffsraum

* * *

hold

[həʊld, AM hoʊld]

I. NOUN

1. (grasp, grip) Halt m kein pl

to catch [or grab] [or get [a]] [or take [a]] \hold of sb/sth jdn/etw ergreifen

grab \hold of my hand and I'll pull you up nimm meine Hand und ich ziehe dich hoch

I just managed to grab \hold of Lucy before she fell in the pool ich konnte Lucy gerade noch schnappen, bevor sie in den Pool fiel fam

to keep \hold of sth etw festhalten

sb loses \hold of sth jdm entgleitet etw

sb loses \hold of the reins jdm gleiten die Zügel aus der Hand

2. ( fig)

to take \hold of sth custom, fashion auf etw akk überschwappen fam; fire, epidemic, disease auf etw akk übergreifen

3. (esp climbing) Halt m kein pl

it's a difficult mountain to climb as there aren't many \holds der Berg ist schwierig zu erklettern, weil in der Wand nicht viele Griffe sind

to lose one's \hold den Halt verlieren

4. (wrestling, martial arts) Griff m

no \holds barred contest Wettbewerb, bei dem alle Griffe erlaubt sind

to break free from sb's \hold sich akk aus jds Griff befreien

to loosen one's \hold on sb/sth den Griff an jdm/etw lockern

to release one's \hold on sb/sth jdn/etw loslassen

5. TELEC

to be on \hold in der Warteschleife sein

to put sb on \hold jdn in die Warteschleife schalten

his phone is engaged, can I put you on \hold? bei ihm ist besetzt, wollen Sie warten?

6. (delay)

to be on \hold auf Eis liegen fig

to put sth on \hold etw auf Eis legen fig

can we put this discussion on \hold until tomorrow? können wir diese Diskussion auf morgen verschieben?

7. (control, influence) Kontrolle f

the allies maintained their \hold on the port throughout the war die Alliierten hielten den Hafen während des gesamten Krieges besetzt

get \hold of yourself! reiß dich zusammen! fam

to lose one's \hold on life mit dem Leben nicht mehr fertigwerden

to lose one's \hold on reality den Sinn für die Realität verlieren

to have a [strong] \hold on [or over] sb [starken] Einfluss auf jdn haben

he hasn't got any \hold over [or on] me er kann mir nichts anhaben

8. ( fig: everything allowed)

no \holds barred ohne jegliches Tabu

when he argues with his girlfriend there are no \holds barred wenn er mit seiner Freundin streitet, kennt er kein Pardon

9. ( fig: find)

to get \hold of sb/sth jdn/etw auftreiben fam

I'll get \hold of some crockery for the picnic ich besorge Geschirr für das Picknick

I'll get \hold of John if you phone the others wenn du die anderen anrufst, versuche ich, John zu erreichen

to get \hold of information Informationen sammeln

10. (understand)

to get \hold of sth etw verstehen

to get \hold of the wrong idea etw falsch verstehen

don't get \hold of the wrong idea versteh mich nicht falsch

the student already has a good \hold of the subject der Student weiß bereits recht gut über das Thema Bescheid

11. FASHION of hairspray, mousse Halt m kein pl

normal/strong/extra strong \hold normaler/starker/extrastarker Halt

12. NAUT, AVIAT Frachtraum m

13. COMPUT Halteimpuls m

II. TRANSITIVE VERB

<held, held>

1. (grasp, grip)

▪ to \hold sb/sth [tight [or tightly]] jdn/etw [fest]halten

to \hold sb in one's arms jdn in den Armen halten

to \hold the door open for sb jdm die Tür aufhalten

to \hold a gun eine Waffe [in der Hand] halten

to \hold hands Händchen halten fam

to \hold sb's hand jds Hand halten

to \hold sth in one's hand etw in der Hand halten

to \hold one's nose sich dat die Nase zuhalten

to \hold sth in place etw halten; AUTO

to \hold the road eine gute Straßenlage haben

the latest model \holds the road well when cornering das neueste Modell weist in den Kurven gutes Fahrverhalten auf

to \hold one's sides with laughter sich dat die Seiten vor Lachen halten, sich akk vor Lachen krümmen

2. (carry)

▪ to \hold sb/sth jdn/etw [aus]halten [o tragen]

will the rope \hold my weight? wird das Seil mein Gewicht aushalten?

3. (maintain)

to \hold one's head high ( fig) erhobenen Hauptes dastehen

to \hold one's peace ( fig) den Mund halten fam

to \hold oneself badly sich akk gehenlassen fam

to \hold oneself in readiness sich akk bereithalten

to \hold oneself upright sich akk gerade halten

to \hold oneself well sich akk gut halten

4. (retain, restrain)

to \hold sb's attention [or interest] jdn fesseln

to \hold sb [in custody]/hostage/prisoner jdn in Haft/als Geisel/gefangen halten

to be able to \hold one's drink [or AM also liquor] Alkohol vertragen

to \hold [on to] the lead in Führung bleiben

to \hold sb to ransom jdn bis zur Zahlung eines Lösegelds gefangen halten

5. (keep)

to \hold one's course seinen Kurs [beibe]halten a. fig

to \hold course for sth NAUT, AVIAT auf etw akk Kurs nehmen

to \hold a note einen Ton halten

to \hold the prices at an acceptable level die Preise auf einem vernünftigen Niveau halten

to \hold one's serve SPORT den Aufschlag halten

sth is \holding its value pictures, antiques etw behält seinen Wert

to \hold sb to his/her word jdn beim Wort nehmen

6. (delay, stop)

▪ to \hold sth etw zurückhalten

we'll \hold lunch until you get here wir warten mit dem Essen, bis du hier bist

will you \hold my calls for the next half hour, please? können Sie bitte die nächste halbe Stunde niemanden durchstellen?

she's on the phone at the moment, will you \hold the line? sie spricht gerade, möchten Sie warten [o fam dranbleiben]?

we'll \hold the front page until we have all the details wir halten die erste Seite frei, bis wir alle Einzelheiten haben

\hold everything! (when sth occurs to sb) stopp!, warte!; (when sceptical) moment mal fam

\hold it [right there]! stopp!

ok, \hold it! PHOT gut, bleib so!

to \hold sth in abeyance etw ruhenlassen

to \hold one's breath die Luft anhalten

he said he'd finish the report by tomorrow but I'm not \holding my breath ( fig) er sagte, er würde den Bericht bis morgen fertig machen, aber ich verlasse mich lieber nicht darauf

to \hold one's fire MIL das Feuer einstellen, nicht gleich sein ganzes Pulver verschießen fig fam

\hold your fire! nicht schießen!; ( fig)

stop shouting at me and \hold your fire! hör auf mich anzubrüllen und reg dich ab! fam

to \hold confiscated goods/a parcel konfiszierte Waren/ein Paket einbehalten

7. (have room for)

▪ to \hold sth bottle, glass, box etw fassen; COMPUT etw speichern

one bag won't \hold all of the shopping der Einkauf passt nicht in eine Tüte

this room \holds 40 people dieser Raum bietet 40 Personen Platz

the CD rack \holds 100 CDs in den CD-Ständer passen 100 CDs

my brain can't \hold so much information at one time ich kann mir nicht so viel auf einmal merken

this hard disk \holds 13 gigabytes diese Festplatte hat ein Speichervolumen von 13 Gigabyte

8. (involve)

▪ to \hold sth for sth für jdn mit etw dat verbunden sein

fire seems to \hold a fascination for most people Feuer scheint auf die meisten Menschen eine Faszination auszuüben

death \holds no fear for her der Tod macht ihr keine Angst

sth \holds many disappointments/surprises etw hält viele Enttäuschungen/Überraschungen bereit

9. (possess)

to \hold land Land besitzen

10. (believe)

▪ to \hold that... der Meinung sein, dass...

* * *

hold¹ [həʊld] s FLUG, SCHIFF Lade-, Frachtraum m

hold² [həʊld]

A s

1. Halt m, Griff m:

catch ( oder get, lay, seize, take) hold of sth etwas ergreifen oder in die Hand bekommen oder zu fassen bekommen oder umg erwischen;

get hold of sb jemanden erwischen,;

I couldn’t get hold of the money ich konnte das Geld nicht auftreiben;

keep hold of festhalten;

let go ( oder quit) one’s hold of sth etwas loslassen;

miss one’s hold danebengreifen

2. Halt m, Griff m, Stütze f:

afford no hold keinen Halt bieten;

lose one’s hold den Halt verlieren

3. Ringen: Griff m:

(with) no holds barred fig mit allen Mitteln oder Tricks;

in politics no holds are barred fig in der Politik wird mit harten Bandagen gekämpft

4. (on, over, of) Gewalt f, Macht f (über akk), Einfluss m (auf akk):

get a hold on sb jemanden unter seinen Einfluss oder in seine Macht bekommen;

get hold of o.s. sich in die Gewalt bekommen;

have a (firm) hold on sb jemanden in seiner Gewalt haben, jemanden beherrschen;

lose hold of o.s. die Fassung verlieren

5. US Einhalt m:

put a hold on sth etwas stoppen

6. US Haft f, Gewahrsam m

7. MUS Fermate f, Haltezeichen n

8. Raumfahrt: Unterbrechung f des Countdown

9. put on hold

a) fig etwas auf Eis legen,

b) TEL jemanden auf Warten schalten

10. obs Festung f

B v/t prät und pperf held [held], pperf JUR oder obs auch holden [ˈhəʊldən]

1. (fest)halten:

hold sb’s hand jemanden an der Hand halten;

the goalkeeper failed to hold the ball (Fußball) der Torhüter konnte den Ball nicht festhalten

2. sich die Nase, die Ohren zuhalten:

hold one’s nose( ears)

3. ein Gewicht etc tragen, (aus)halten

4. (in einem Zustand etc) halten:

hold o.s. erect sich gerade halten;

hold (o.s.) ready (sich) bereithalten;

the way he holds himself (so) wie er sich benimmt;

with one’s head held high hoch erhobenen Hauptes

5. (zurück-, ein)behalten:

hold the shipment die Sendung zurück(be)halten;

hold the mustard (im Restaurant etc) bes US (bitte) ohne Senf

6. zurück-, abhalten ( beide:

from von), an-, aufhalten, im Zaume halten, zügeln:

hold sb from doing sth jemanden davon abhalten, etwas zu tun;

there is no holding him er ist nicht zu halten oder zu bändigen oder zu bremsen;

hold the enemy den Feind aufhalten

7. US

a) festnehmen:

12 persons were held

b) in Haft halten

8. SPORT sich erfolgreich gegen einen Gegner verteidigen

9. jemanden festlegen (to auf akk):

hold sb to his word jemanden beim Wort nehmen

10. a) Wahlen, eine Versammlung, eine Pressekonferenz etc abhalten

b) ein Fest etc veranstalten

c) eine Rede halten

d) SPORT eine Meisterschaft etc austragen

11. einen Kurs etc beibehalten:

hold prices at the same level die Preise (auf dem gleichen Niveau) halten;

hold the pace SPORT das Tempo halten

12. Alkohol vertragen:

hold one’s liquor ( oder drink) well eine ganze Menge vertragen;

he can’t hold his liquor er verträgt nichts

13. a) MIL und fig eine Stellung halten, behaupten:

hold one’s own (with) sich behaupten (gegen), bestehen (neben);

hold the stage fig die Szene beherrschen, im Mittelpunkt stehen (Person); → fort 1, ground¹ A 7, stage A 3

b) Tennis: seinen Aufschlag halten, durchbringen

14. innehaben:

a) Land, Rechte etc besitzen: → account C 1

b) ein Amt etc bekleiden

15. einen Platz etc einnehmen, (inne)haben, einen Rekord halten:

hold an academic degree einen akademischen Titel führen

16. fassen:

a) enthalten:

the tank holds ten gallons

b) Platz bieten für, unterbringen:

the hotel holds 300 guests;

this hall holds 800 in diesen Saal gehen 800 Personen

17. enthalten, fig auch zum Inhalt haben:

the room holds period furniture das Zimmer ist mit Stilmöbeln eingerichtet;

the place holds many memories der Ort ist voll von Erinnerungen;

each picture holds a memory mit jedem Bild ist eine Erinnerung verbunden;

it holds no pleasure for him er findet kein Vergnügen daran;

life holds many surprises das Leben ist voller Überraschungen

18. Bewunderung, Sympathie etc hegen, haben ( beide:

for für):

hold no prejudice kein Vorurteil haben

19. behaupten:

hold (the view) that … die Ansicht vertreten oder der Ansicht sein, dass …

20. halten für, betrachten als:

I hold him to be a fool ich halte ihn für einen Narren;

it is held to be wise man hält es für klug ( to do zu tun)

21. halten:

hold sb dear jemanden lieb haben;

hold sb responsible jemanden verantwortlich machen; → contempt 1, esteem B

22. besonders JUR entscheiden ( that dass)

23. die Zuhörer etc fesseln, in Spannung halten:

hold sb’s attention jemandes Aufmerksamkeit fesseln oder wachhalten

24. US ein Hotelzimmer etc reservieren

25. hold to US beschränken auf (akk)

26. hold against

a) jemandem etwas vorhalten oder vorwerfen,

b) jemandem etwas übel nehmen oder nachtragen

27. US jemandem (aus)reichen:

food to hold us for a week

28. MUS einen Ton (aus)halten

29. hold sth over sb jemanden mit etwas einschüchtern oder erpressen

C v/i

1. halten, nicht (zer)reißen oder (zer)brechen

2. stand-, aushalten, sich halten

3. (sich) festhalten (by, to an dat)

4. bleiben:

hold on one’s course seinen Kurs weiterverfolgen;

hold on one’s way seinen Weg weitergehen;

hold onto → hold on 1, 2, 7; → fast² B

5. sich verhalten:

hold still stillhalten

6. sein Recht ableiten (of, from von)

7. auch hold good (weiterhin) gelten, gültig sein oder bleiben:

the rule holds of ( oder in) all cases die Regel gilt in allen Fällen

8. anhalten, andauern:

the fine weather held;

my luck held das Glück blieb mir treu

9. einhalten:

hold! halt!

10. hold by ( oder to) jemandem od einer Sache treu bleiben

11. hold with

a) übereinstimmen mit,

b) einverstanden sein mit

12. stattfinden

* * *
I noun
(of ship) Laderaum, der; (of aircraft) Frachtraum, der
II 1. transitive verb,
held

1) (grasp) halten; (carry) tragen; (keep fast) festhalten

hold somebody by the arm — jemanden am Arm festhalten

2) (support) [tragendes Teil:] halten, stützen, tragen [Decke, Dach usw.]; aufnehmen [Gewicht, Kraft]

3) (keep in position) halten

hold the door open for somebody — jemandem die Tür aufhalten

4) (grasp to control) halten [Kind, Hund, Zügel]

5) (keep in particular attitude)

hold oneself still — stillhalten

hold oneself ready or in readiness — sich bereit od. in Bereitschaft halten

hold one's head high — (fig.) (be confident) selbstbewusst sein od. auftreten; (be proud) den Kopf hoch tragen

6) (contain) enthalten; bergen [Gefahr, Geheimnis]; (be able to contain) fassen [Liter, Personen usw.]

the room holds ten people — in dem Raum haben 10 Leute Platz; der Raum bietet 10 Leuten Platz

hold water — [Behälter:] wasserdicht sein; Wasser halten; (fig.) [Argument, Theorie:] stichhaltig sein, hieb- und stichfest sein

7) (not be intoxicated by)

he can/can't hold his drink or liquor — er kann etwas/nichts vertragen

8) (possess) besitzen; haben

9) (have gained) halten [Rekord]; haben [Diplom, Doktorgrad]

10) (keep possession of) halten [Stützpunkt, Stadt, Stellung]; (Mus.): (sustain) [aus]halten [Ton]

hold one's own — (fig.) sich behaupten

hold one's position — (fig.) auf seinem Standpunkt beharren

11) (occupy) innehaben, (geh.) bekleiden [Posten, Amt, Stellung]

hold office — im Amt sein

hold the line — (Teleph.) am Apparat bleiben

12) (engross) fesseln, (geh.) gefangen halten [Aufmerksamkeit, Publikum]

13) (keep in specified condition) halten

hold the ladder steady — die Leiter festhalten; see also bay III 1.; ransom 1.

14) (detain) (in custody) in Haft halten, festhalten; (imprison) festsetzen; inhaftieren; (arrest) festnehmen

be held in a prison — in einem Gefängnis einsitzen

15) (oblige to adhere)

hold somebody to the terms of the contract/to a promise — darauf bestehen, dass jemand sich an die Vertragsbestimmungen hält/dass jemand ein Versprechen hält od. einlöst

16) (Sport): (restrict)

hold one's opponent [to a draw] — ein Unentschieden [gegen den Gegner] halten od. verteidigen

17) (cause to take place) stattfinden lassen; abhalten [Veranstaltung, Konferenz, Gottesdienst, Sitzung, Prüfung]; veranstalten [Festival, Auktion]; austragen [Meisterschaften]; führen [Unterhaltung, Gespräch, Korrespondenz]; durchführen [Untersuchung]; geben [Empfang]; halten [Vortrag, Rede]

be held — stattfinden

18) (restrain) [fest]halten

hold one's fire — [noch] nicht schießen; (fig.): (refrain from criticism) mit seiner Kritik zurückhalten

19) (coll.): (withhold) zurückhalten

hold it! — [einen] Moment mal!; see also horse 1)

20) (think, believe)

hold a view or an opinion — eine Ansicht haben (on über + Akk.)

hold that... — dafürhalten, dass...; der Ansicht sein, dass...

hold somebody/oneself guilty/blameless — jemanden/sich für schuldig/unschuldig halten ( for an + Dat.)

hold oneself responsible for something — sich für etwas verantwortlich fühlen

hold something against somebody — jemandem etwas vorwerfen; see also dear 1. 1); responsible 1)
2. intransitive verb,
held

1) (not give way) [Seil, Nagel, Anker, Schloss, Angeklebtes:] halten; [Damm:] [stand]halten

2) (remain unchanged) anhalten; [an]dauern; [Wetter:] sich halten, so bleiben; [Angebot, Versprechen:] gelten

his luck held — er hatte auch weiterhin Glück

3) (remain steadfast)

hold to something — bei etwas bleiben; an etwas (Dat.) festhalten

4) (be valid)

hold [good or true] — gelten; Gültigkeit haben
3. noun
1) (grasp) Griff, der

grab or seize hold of something — etwas ergreifen

get or lay or take hold of something — etwas fassen od. packen

keep hold of something — etwas festhalten

lose one's hold — den Halt verlieren

take hold — (fig.) sich durchsetzen; [Krankheit:] fortschreiten

get hold of something — (fig.) etwas bekommen od. auftreiben

get hold of somebody — (fig.) jemanden erreichen

get a hold on oneself — sich fassen

have a hold over somebody — jemanden in der Hand halten; see also catch 1. 1)

2) (influence) Einfluss, der (on, over auf + Akk.)

3) (Sport) Griff, der

there are no holds barred — (fig.) alles ist erlaubt

4) (thing to hold by) Griff, der

5)

put on hold — auf Eis legen [Plan, Programm]

Phrasal Verbs:

- hold back

- hold down

- hold forth

- hold off

- hold on

- hold out

- hold over

- hold up

- hold with

* * *

(keep) something in suspense expr.

etwas in der Schwebe halten ausdr.

im ungewissen lassen ausdr. (point) something out to someone expr.

jemandem etwas entgegenhalten ausdr. (a meeting, etc.) v.

abhalten (Treffen, Versammlung) v. (possess) v.

innehaben v. v.

(§ p.,p.p.: held)

= abhalten (Treffen) v.

beibehalten v.

bereithalten v.

enthalten v.

festhalten v.

halten v.

(§ p.,pp.: hielt, gehalten)

English-german dictionary > hold
13 hold

hold [həʊld]

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

1. noun

2. transitive verb

3. intransitive verb

4. Phrasal Verbs

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

► vb: pret, ptp held

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

1. noun

   a. ( = grip) prise f

• he loosened his hold il a desserré son étreinte f

• I tried to break free from his hold j'ai essayé de me dégager

• to seize hold of saisir

• to have hold of sth tenir qch

   b. ( = control) emprise f

• the president has consolidated his hold on the media le président a renforcé son emprise sur les médias

   c. (Wrestling) prise f

• no holds barred (inf) tous les coups sont (or étaient etc) permis

   d. [of hairspray, hair gel] fixation f

   e. [of ship] cale f ; [of plane] soute f

   f. (set structures)

► to catch hold (of sth) attraper (qch)

• he caught hold of her arm il l'a attrapée par le bras► to get/take a hold of ( = catch) prendre

• to get a hold of o.s. se contrôler

• get a hold of yourself! ressaisis-toi !► to get hold of ( = find) [+ object] réussir à se procurer ; [+ details, information] réussir à obtenir ; ( = contact) [+ person] contacter

• can you get hold of £500 by tomorrow? est-ce que tu peux te procurer 500 livres d'ici demain ?

• children can all too easily get hold of drugs les enfants peuvent trop facilement se procurer de la drogue

• where did you get hold of that idea? où as-tu été pêcher (inf) cette idée ?

• the press got hold of the story la presse s'est emparée de l'histoire► to take hold [fire] prendre ; [custom] se répandre ; [idea] faire son chemin ; [recession, economic recovery, disease] s'installer ; [ceasefire] tenir

• take hold! tiens !► to keep hold of tenir fermement

• keep hold of the idea that... dites-vous bien que...► on hold [phone call, order] en attente

• nuclear testing was put on hold les essais nucléaires ont été suspendus

• he put his career on hold to spend more time with his family il a mis sa carrière entre parenthèses pour se consacrer davantage à sa famille

2. transitive verb

   a. ( = grasp) tenir

• he held my arm il me tenait le bras

• she was holding her sister's hand elle tenait la main de sa sœur

• they were holding hands ils se tenaient par la main

• she held him tight elle l'a serré très fort

• hold him tight or he'll fall tenez-le bien pour qu'il ne tombe pas

   b. ( = keep in place) to hold sth in place maintenir qch en place

• she held the door open elle a tenu la porte (ouverte)

   c. ( = support) supporter

• the ladder won't hold you l'échelle ne supportera pas ton poids

   d. ( = maintain) to hold o.s. upright se tenir droit

• to hold an opinion avoir une opinion

• to hold sb's attention/interest retenir l'attention/l'intérêt de qn

• this car holds the road well cette voiture tient bien la route

• to hold one's breath retenir son souffle

• don't hold your breath! ( = don't count on it) n'y compte pas trop !

• hold the line please! ne quittez pas !

   e. ( = possess) [+ ticket, permit, driving licence] avoir ; [+ shares, record] détenir

   f. ( = defend successfully) tenir

• the army held the bridge against the enemy l'armée a tenu le pont malgré les attaques de l'ennemi

• to hold one's serve (Tennis) gagner son service

► to hold one's own bien se débrouiller

• he can hold his own in German il se débrouille très bien en allemand

• he can hold his own with anybody il ne s'en laisse pas remontrer

   g. ( = occupy) [+ post, position] occuper

• he holds the post of headmaster il occupe le poste de directeur

   h. ( = cause to take place) [+ meeting, election, debate] tenir ; [+ conversation] avoir ; [+ examination] organiser

• the exhibition is always held here l'exposition se tient toujours ici

• they are holding a service to mark the day ils ont prévu une cérémonie pour commémorer ce jour

• to hold interviews [employer] faire passer des entretiens

• the interviews are being held in London les entretiens ont lieu à Londres

   i. ( = contain) contenir

• this box will hold all my books cette caisse est assez grande pour contenir tous mes livres

• this bottle holds one litre cette bouteille peut contenir un litre

• this room holds 20 people cette salle peut accueillir 20 personnes

• I wonder what the future holds je me demande ce que l'avenir nous réserve

• she can hold her drink! (inf) elle supporte très bien l'alcool

   j. ( = keep) garder

• I will hold the money until... je garderai l'argent jusqu'à ce que...

• my lawyer holds these documents ces documents sont chez mon avocat

• we don't hold that information on our files nous n'avons pas ces informations dans nos fichiers

• the data is held on computer les données sont informatisées

   k. ( = restrain) [+ person] retenir

• the police held him for two days la police l'a gardé (à vue) pendant deux jours

• there's no holding him il n'y a pas moyen de l'arrêter

• hold it! (inf) stop !

   l. ( = believe) to hold that... maintenir que...

• to hold sth to be true considérer qch comme vrai

• to hold sb responsible for sth tenir qn pour responsable de qch

• to hold in high esteem tenir en haute estime

   m. ► to hold sth against sb en vouloir à qn de qch

• I don't hold it against him je ne lui en veux pas

3. intransitive verb

   a. ( = remain in place) [rope, nail, dam] tenir

• to hold firm ( = stay in place) tenir

   b. [weather] se maintenir

   c. (on phone) can you hold, please? ne quittez pas !

• I've been holding for several minutes cela fait plusieurs minutes que j'attends

   d. [statement, argument] être valable

• your argument doesn't hold votre argument n'est pas valable

4. Phrasal Verbs

► hold back

1. intransitive verb

( = not move forward) rester en arrière ; ( = not act) se retenir

• I held back from telling him what I really thought je me suis retenu de lui dire ce que je pensais vraiment

2. separable transitive verb

   a. [+ fears, emotions] maîtriser ; [+ tears] retenir

• the police held back the crowd la police a contenu la foule

• to hold sb back from doing sth empêcher qn de faire qch

• they held back the names of the victims ils n'ont pas divulgué le nom des victimes

• he was holding something back from me il me cachait quelque chose

   b. (US) [+ pupil] faire redoubler

• to be held back redoubler► hold down separable transitive verb

   a. ( = keep in place) maintenir en place ; [+ person] maîtriser

   b. [+ aspiring person] empêcher de progresser

   c. [+ costs, prices, inflation, taxes] empêcher d'augmenter

   d. [+ job] ( = have) occuper ; ( = keep) garder

• she's managed to hold down a job as well as looking after the children elle a réussi à continuer de travailler tout en s'occupant des enfants

• he can't hold down a job il ne garde jamais longtemps le même travail► hold forth intransitive verb faire des discours

► hold in separable transitive verb retenir

• hold your stomach in! rentre ton ventre !

• go ahead and cry, don't hold it in laisse-toi aller et pleure, n'essaie pas de te retenir► hold off

1. intransitive verb

• the rain has held off so far jusqu'ici il n'a pas plu

2. separable transitive verb

   a. ( = prevent from approaching) tenir à distance

• try to hold him off a little longer ( = make him wait) essayez de le faire patienter encore un peu

   b. ( = resist) to hold off a challenge from sb résister aux attaques de qn

   c. ( = delay) to hold off doing sth attendre pour faire qch► hold on

1. intransitive verb

   a. ( = endure) tenir bon

   b. ( = wait) attendre

• hold on! attendez ! ; (on telephone) ne quittez pas !

2. separable transitive verb

maintenir (en place)

• this hinge holds the lid on cette charnière maintient le couvercle en place► hold on to inseparable transitive verb

   a. ( = cling to) [+ rope, raft, branch] s'accrocher à ; [+ hope, idea] se raccrocher à

   b. ( = keep) garder

• hold on to this for me ( = hold it) tiens-moi ça ; ( = keep it) garde-moi ça

• hold on to that, it might be valuable garde-le, ça a peut-être de la valeur► hold out

1. intransitive verb

   a. ( = last) [supplies] durer

• how long will the food hold out? combien de temps est-ce que les provisions vont durer ?

• if his luck holds out s'il continue à avoir de la chance

   b. ( = resist) tenir bon

• to hold out against [+ enemy, attacks] tenir bon devant ; [+ change, progress, threats] résister à

• they are holding out for more pay ils continuent de demander une augmentation

2. separable transitive verb

[+ object, hand] tendre ( sth to sb qch à qn)

• to hold out one's arms ouvrir les bras

3. inseparable transitive verb

• to hold out the hope of sth permettre d'espérer qch

• the doctors hold out little hope for him les médecins ont peu d'espoir de le sauver

• the negotiations held out little hope of a settlement les négociations laissaient entrevoir peu d'espoir de parvenir à un accord► hold out on (inf) inseparable transitive verb

• you've been holding out on me! tu m'as caché quelque chose !► hold over separable transitive verb remettre

• the meeting was held over until Friday la réunion a été remise à vendredi► hold to

1. inseparable transitive verb

s'en tenir à

• I hold to what I said je m'en tiens à ce que j'ai dit

2. separable transitive verb

• to hold sb to a promise faire tenir parole à qn

• I'll hold you to that! je te prends au mot !► hold together

1. intransitive verb

[objects] tenir (ensemble) ; [groups, people] rester uni

• the coalition will never hold together for six months la coalition ne tiendra jamais six mois

• we must hold together il faut rester unis

2. separable transitive verb

[+ objects] maintenir ensemble ; [+ political party] maintenir l'union de

• he held the family together c'est grâce à lui que la famille est restée unie

► hold up

1. intransitive verb

   a. (physically) tenir

• that building won't hold up much longer ce bâtiment ne tiendra plus longtemps debout

   b. [argument] être valable

• the evidence doesn't hold up ces preuves ne résistent pas à l'analyse

2. separable transitive verb

   a. ( = raise) lever

• hold it up higher tiens-le plus haut

• hold up your hand levez la main

• hold it up so that we can see it levez-le pour qu'on le voit

• I'll never be able to hold my head up again je ne pourrai plus jamais marcher la tête haute

   b. ( = support) soutenir

• the roof is held up by pillars le toit est soutenu par des piliers

   c. ( = stop) arrêter ; ( = suspend) suspendre ; ( = cause delay to) retarder

• the traffic was held up by the accident l'accident a ralenti la circulation

• I'm sorry, I was held up excusez-moi, j'ai été retenu

   d. [robber] attaquer (à main armée)

* * *
[həʊld] 1.
noun

1) ( grasp) prise f

to get hold of — attraper

to keep (a) hold of ou on — tenir

2) ( possession)

to get hold of — se procurer [book, ticket]; [press] avoir vent de [story]; découvrir [information]

3) ( contact)

to get hold of — ( by phone) joindre; ( by other means) trouver

4) ( control) emprise f (on, over sur)

to have a hold on ou over somebody — avoir de l'emprise sur quelqu'un

to get a hold of oneself — se reprendre

5) Telecommunications

on hold — en attente

to put a call on hold — mettre un appel en attente

to put a project on hold — gen laisser un projet en suspens

6) (storage, area) Aviation soute f; Nautical cale f

7) ( in wrestling) prise f

8) (of spray, gel) fixation f
2.
transitive verb (prét, pp held)

1) ( clasp) tenir

to hold something in one's hand — tenir quelque chose à la main [brush, pencil]; ( enclosed) tenir quelque chose dans la main [coin, sweet]

to hold somebody by — tenir quelqu'un par [sleeve, leg]

to hold somebody (in one's arms) — serrer quelqu'un dans ses bras

to hold each other — se serrer l'un contre l'autre

2) ( maintain)

to hold one's head still — tenir sa tête immobile

to hold oneself well — se tenir bien

to hold something in place ou position — maintenir quelque chose en place

3) ( arrange) gen organiser; avoir [conversation]; célébrer [church service]; mener [enquiry]; faire passer [interview]

to be held — avoir lieu

4) ( have capacity for) (pouvoir) contenir [350 people]

the bus holds ten (people) — le bus a dix places

5) ( contain) [drawer, cupboard, box, case] contenir [objects, possessions]

6) ( support) supporter [weight, load, crate]

7) ( restrain) tenir [dog]

there'll be no holding him — fig on ne pourra plus l'arrêter

8) ( keep against will) détenir [person]

to hold somebody hostage — garder quelqu'un en otage

9) ( possess) détenir, avoir [shares, power, record]; être titulaire de [degree, sporting title]; occuper [job, position]; avoir, être en possession de [passport, licence]; porter [title]; avoir [mortgage]; [computer] conserver [information]

10) ( keep back) garder [place, ticket]; faire attendre [train, flight]; mettre [quelque chose] en attente [letter, order]

hold it! — (colloq) minute! (colloq)

11) ( believe) avoir [opinion, belief]

to hold somebody/something to be — tenir quelqu'un/quelque chose pour

to hold somebody liable ou responsible — tenir quelqu'un pour responsable

to hold that — [person] soutenir que; [law] dire que

12) ( defend successfully) tenir [territory, city]; conserver [title, seat, lead]

to hold one's own — se défendre tout seul

13) ( captivate) captiver [audience]; capter, retenir [attention]

14) Telecommunications

can you hold the line please — ne quittez pas s'il vous plaît

15) Music tenir [note]

16) Automobile

to hold the road — tenir la route
3.
intransitive verb (prét, pp held)

1) ( remain intact) tenir; fig (also hold good) tenir

2) ( continue) [weather] rester beau, se maintenir; [luck] continuer, durer

3) Telecommunications patienter

4) ( remain steady)

hold still! — tiens-toi tranquille!

•

Phrasal Verbs:

- hold against

- hold back

- hold down

- hold forth

- hold in

- hold off

- hold on

- hold on to

- hold out

- hold over

- hold to

- hold together

- hold up

- hold with

English-French dictionary > hold
14 keep *****

[kiːp] kept vb: pt, pp
1. vt

1) (retain, maintain) tenere

keep the change — tenga il resto

you can keep it — lo puoi tenere

he keeps himself to himself — se ne sta per conto suo

to keep sb busy — tenere qn occupato (-a)

the noise kept him awake — il rumore lo teneva sveglio

to keep time — (clock) andar bene

to keep sth clean — tenere qc pulito (-a)

to keep a place tidy — tenere un posto in ordine

she keeps herself fit — si tiene or si mantiene in forma

the garden is well kept — il giardino è tenuto bene

he has kept his looks — è ancora un bell'uomo

to keep sb waiting — far aspettare qn

sorry to keep you... — scusate il ritardo...

keep him at it! — spingilo a continuare!

to keep the engine running — tenere il motore acceso

I'll keep you to your promise — ti farò mantenere la promessa

to keep sth from sb fig — tenere qc nascosto (-a) a qn

to keep sth to o.s. — tenere qc per sé

keep it to yourself or under your hat fam — tienilo per te

2) (put aside) mettere da parte, (store) tenere, conservare

keep it in a safe place or somewhere safe — tienilo in un posto sicuro

"keep in a cool place" — "conservare in un luogo fresco"

3) (detain, restrain) trattenere

to keep sb in prison — tenere qn in prigione

I mustn't or don't let me keep you — non voglio trattenerti

what kept you? — come mai sei in ritardo?

to keep sb from doing sth — impedire a qn di fare qc

to keep sth from happening — impedire che qc succeda

to keep o.s. from doing sth — trattenersi dal fare qc

you're keeping me from my work — mi stai impedendo di lavorare, così non riesco a lavorare

keep him from school — non mandarlo a scuola

4) (fulfil, observe: promise, vow) mantenere, (law, rule, Lent) osservare, (treaty, agreement) rispettare, (Christmas, Easter) celebrare

to keep a secret — tenere un segreto

to keep an appointment — rispettare un appuntamento

5) (own, have), (also), (Comm: stock) avere, (Agr: animals) allevare

6) (support: family) mantenere

he earns enough to keep himself — guadagna abbastanza per mantenersi da solo

to keep sb in food and clothing — nutrire e vestire qn

7) (accounts, diary) tenere

to keep a record or note of sth — prendere nota di qc

keep a note of how much you spend — segnati quanto spendi

2. vi

1) (continue) continuare, (remain) stare, restare

to keep (to the) left/right — tenere la sinistra/la destra

to keep straight on — continuare dritto (-a)

to keep to — (promise) mantenere, (subject, text) attenersi a

to keep doing sth — continuare a fare qc

I keep forgetting my keys — continuo a dimenticare le chiavi

to keep fit — tenersi or mantenersi in forma

to keep in good health — mantenersi in buona salute

keep trying! — prova ancora!

keep going! — forza!

to keep at sb — (fam: pester) non dare pace a qn

to keep at sth — (fam: continue) continuare a fare qc

keep at it! fam — continua, dai!

to keep still — stare or rimanere fermo (-a)

to keep quiet — stare zitto (-a)

to keep together — rimanere insieme

to keep from doing sth — trattenersi or frenarsi dal fare qc

to keep to one's room/bed — rimanere in camera/a letto

they keep to themselves — si tengono in disparte, stanno per conto loro

2)

(in health) how are you keeping? — come stai?

I hope you're keeping well — spero che tu stia bene

she's keeping better — sta meglio

3) (food) mantenersi, conservarsi

(fig: wait) this business can keep — quest'affare può aspettare

3. n

1) (livelihood) vitto e alloggio

to earn one's keep — guadagnarsi di che vivere

2) (of castle) torrione m, maschio

See:

keeps

•

- keep away

- keep back

- keep down

- keep in

- keep off

- keep on

- keep out

- keep up

English-Italian dictionary > keep *****
15 keep back

1. intransitive verb
zurückbleiben

keep back! — bleib wo du bist!

keep back from something — von etwas wegbleiben (ugs.)
2. transitive verb
1) (restrain) zurückhalten [Menschenmenge, Tränen]

2) (withhold) verschweigen [Informationen, Tatsachen] ( from Dat.); einbehalten [Geld, Zahlung]

* * *

1) (not to (allow to) move forward: She kept the child back on the edge of the crowd; Every body keep back from the door!) zurückhalten, -treten

2) (not to tell or make known: I feel he's keeping the real story back for some reason.) verschweigen

3) (not to give or pay out: Part of my allowance is kept back to pay for my meals; Will they keep it back every week?) zurückhalten

* * *

◆ keep back

I. vi zurückbleiben; (stay at distance) Abstand halten

\keep back back from that vicious dog, children bleibt von diesem bösartigen Hund weg, Kinder

II. vt

1. (hold away)

▪ to \keep back back ⇆ sb/sth jdn/etw zurückhalten

security guards kept the fans back from the rock stars Sicherheitskräfte hielten die Fans von den Rockstars fern

2. (retain)

▪ to \keep back back ⇆ sth etw verschweigen

3. (prevent advance)

▪ to \keep back back ⇆ sb jdn aufhalten

the slower students were \keep backing the more intelligent ones back die langsameren Schüler behinderten das Vorankommen der intelligenteren

▪ to \keep back sb back from doing sth jdn daran hindern, etw akk zu tun

* * *

keep back

A v/t

1. zurückhalten:

keep sb back from doing sth jemanden davon abhalten oder daran hindern, etwas zu tun

2. fig zurückhalten:

a) jemandes Lohn etc einbehalten

b) seine Tränen etc unterdrücken

c) etwas verschweigen, hinterm Berg halten mit

3. etwas verzögern, aufhalten

B v/i

1. im Hintergrund bleiben

2. zurückbleiben

* * *
1. intransitive verb
zurückbleiben

keep back! — bleib wo du bist!

keep back from something — von etwas wegbleiben (ugs.)
2. transitive verb
1) (restrain) zurückhalten [Menschenmenge, Tränen]

2) (withhold) verschweigen [Informationen, Tatsachen] ( from Dat.); einbehalten [Geld, Zahlung]

* * *

v.

vorenthalten v.

English-german dictionary > keep back
16 keep

keep [ki:p]

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

1. transitive verb

2. intransitive verb

3. noun

4. compounds

5. Phrasal Verbs

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

► vb: pret, ptp kept

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

1. transitive verb

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

► When keep is part of a set combination, eg keep control, keep an appointment, look up the noun.

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

   a. ( = retain) garder

• you can keep this book tu peux garder ce livre

• keep the change! gardez la monnaie !

• to keep sth for o.s. garder qch pour soi

• keep it to yourself (inf) garde ça pour toi

• I can't keep telephone numbers in my head je n'arrive pas à retenir les numéros de téléphone

   b. ( = put aside) garder

• we're keeping the best ones for Christmas nous gardons les meilleurs pour Noël

• you must keep it in a cold place il faut le conserver au froid

   c. ( = have ready) avoir

• I always keep a blanket in the car j'ai toujours une couverture dans la voiture

   d. ( = stock) faire

• we don't keep that model any more nous ne faisons plus ce modèle

   e. ( = store) ranger

• where do you keep the sugar? où est-ce que vous rangez le sucre ?

• keep it somewhere safe mettez-le en lieu sûr

   f. ( = detain) retenir

• they kept him prisoner for two years ils l'ont gardé prisonnier pendant deux ans

• what kept you? qu'est-ce qui vous a retenu ?

• he was kept in hospital over night il a dû passer une nuit à l'hôpital

• they kept him in a dark room il était enfermé dans une salle sombre

• the flu kept her in bed une grippe l'a forcée à garder le lit

   g. ( = have) [+ shop] tenir ; [+ bees, chickens] élever

   h. ( = support) subvenir aux besoins de ; [+ mistress] entretenir

• you can't keep a family on that ça ne suffit pas pour faire vivre une famille

• I have three children to keep j'ai trois enfants à nourrir

   i. ( = observe) [+ law, vow] respecter

   j. [+ accounts, diary] tenir

• keep a note of this number note ce numéro

   k. (set structures)

► to keep sb at sth

• they kept him at it all day ils l'ont fait travailler toute la journée► to keep sth from sb ( = conceal) cacher qch à qn

• I know he's keeping something from me je sais qu'il me cache quelque chose► to keep sb from doing sth ( = prevent) empêcher qn de faire qch

• what can we do to keep it from happening again? que pouvons-nous faire pour que ça ne se reproduise pas ?► to keep sb to sth

• she kept him to his promise elle l'a forcé à tenir sa promesse► to keep o.s. to o.s. se tenir à l'écart

• she keeps herself to herself elle n'est pas très sociable► to keep sb/sth + -ing

• to keep sb waiting faire attendre qn

• keep him talking while... fais-lui la conversation pendant que...

• she managed to keep the conversation going elle a réussi à entretenir la conversation

• he kept the engine running il a laissé le moteur en marche► to keep sb/sth + adjective

• to keep sth clean tenir qch propre

• exercise will keep you fit l'exercice physique vous maintiendra en forme

• keep me informed tenez-moi au courant

2. intransitive verb

   a. ( = continue) continuer

• to keep straight on continuer tout droit

   b. ( = remain) rester

• to keep in the middle of the road rester au milieu de la route

   c. (in health) aller

• how are you keeping? comment allez-vous ?

• she's not keeping well elle ne va pas bien

   d. [food] se conserver

• that letter will keep until tomorrow cette lettre peut attendre jusqu'à demain

   e. (set structures)

► to keep + -ing

• to keep doing sth ( = continue) continuer de faire qch ; ( = do repeatedly) ne pas arrêter de faire qch

• he kept walking il a continué de marcher

• he kept interrupting us il n'a pas arrêté de nous couper la parole

• I keep forgetting to pay the gas bill j'oublie tout le temps de payer la facture de gaz► to keep + preposition

• she bit her lip to keep from crying elle s'est mordu la lèvre pour s'empêcher de pleurer

• he's promised to keep off alcohol il a promis de ne plus boire

• "keep off the grass" « défense de marcher sur les pelouses »

• keep on this road until you come to... suivez cette route jusqu'à ce que vous arriviez à...

• keep to the left! gardez votre gauche !

• she keeps to herself elle n'est pas très sociable► to keep + adjective

• keep calm! reste calme !

• to keep fit se maintenir en forme

• to keep still se tenir tranquille

3. noun

   a. ( = livelihood, food) I got £30 a week and my keep je gagnais 30 livres par semaine logé et nourri

   b. [of castle] donjon m

   c. ► for keeps (inf) ( = permanently) pour toujours

4. compounds

► keep-fit noun (British) aérobic f

• she does keep-fit once a week elle fait de l'aérobic une fois par semaine

• keep-fit classes cours mpl d'aérobic

5. Phrasal Verbs

► keep at inseparable transitive verb

   a. ( = continue) continuer

• you should keep at it tu devrais persévérer

   b. ( = nag at) harceler► keep away

1. intransitive verb

ne pas s'approcher

• keep away from the fire ne t'approche pas du feu

2. separable transitive verb

empêcher de s'approcher

• the police kept the crowds away la police a empêché la foule de s'approcher► keep back

1. intransitive verb

ne pas approcher

2. separable transitive verb

   a. ( = restrain) retenir

• he struggled to keep back his tears il retenait ses larmes à grand-peine

   b. ( = conceal) cacher ; [+ secrets] ne pas révéler

• I'm sure he's keeping something back je suis sûr qu'il me (or nous etc) cache quelque chose► keep down

1. intransitive verb

rester à couvert

2. separable transitive verb

   a. [+ one's anger] contenir

• it's just a way to keep women down c'est une manière de cantonner les femmes à un statut inférieur

   b. [+ inflation, costs] maîtriser ; [+ number] limiter

• to keep prices down empêcher les prix de monter

• could you keep the noise down? est-ce que vous pourriez faire un peu moins de bruit ?

• she drank some water but couldn't keep it down elle a bu de l'eau mais elle a tout vomi► keep in

1. intransitive verb

• to keep in with sb rester en bons termes avec qn

2. separable transitive verb

[+ anger] contenir► keep off

1. intransitive verb

[person] rester à l'écart

• if the rain keeps off s'il ne se met pas à pleuvoir

2. separable transitive verb

• they want to keep young people off the streets ils veulent empêcher les jeunes de traîner dans les rues

• keep your hands off! pas touche ! (inf)► keep on

1. intransitive verb

   a. ( = continue) continuer

• he kept on reading il a continué de lire

• keep on till you get to the school continuez jusqu'à l'école

   b. (British = nag) don't keep on! (inf) laisse-moi tranquille !

2. separable transitive verb

[+ employee] garder► keep on about (inf) inseparable transitive verb

(British) ne pas arrêter de parler de

► keep on at (inf) inseparable transitive verb

(British) harceler

• she kept on at him to look for a job elle le harcelait pour qu'il cherche du travail► keep out

1. intransitive verb

rester en dehors

• "keep out" « défense d'entrer »

• keep out of this! ne t'en mêle pas !

2. separable transitive verb

[+ person, dog] ne pas laisser entrer

• that coat looks as if it will keep out the cold ce manteau doit bien protéger du froid► keep to inseparable transitive verb

[+ promise] tenir ; [+ agreement, rules, schedule] respecter ; [+ plan] s'en tenir à

► keep up

1. intransitive verb

[prices] se maintenir

• I hope the good weather will keep up j'espère que le beau temps va se maintenir

• they went so fast I couldn't keep up ils allaient si vite que je n'arrivais pas à suivre

► to keep up with

• to keep up with sb (in race, walk) aller aussi vite que qn ; (in work) se maintenir au niveau de qn

• slow down, I can't keep up with you ralentis un peu, je ne peux pas te suivre

• to keep up with the class se maintenir au niveau de la classe

• the company has failed to keep up with the times la société n'a pas réussi à évoluer

• to keep up with demand parvenir à satisfaire la demande

2. separable transitive verb

   a. [+ pressure, standards] maintenir ; [+ correspondence] entretenir ; [+ study] continuer

• they can no longer keep the payments up ils n'arrivent plus à payer les traites

• keep it up! continuez !

   b. ( = maintain) [+ house] maintenir en bon état

* * *
[kiːp] 1.
noun

1) ( maintenance) pension f

to pay for one's keep — payer une pension

to earn one's keep — gagner de quoi vivre

2) Architecture donjon m
2.
transitive verb (prét, pp kept)

1) ( cause to remain)

to keep somebody indoors — [person] garder quelqu'un à l'intérieur; [illness] retenir quelqu'un à l'intérieur

to keep something/somebody clean — garder quelque chose/quelqu'un propre

to keep something warm — garder quelque chose au chaud

to keep somebody warm — protéger quelqu'un du froid

to be kept clean/locked — rester propre/fermé (à clé)

to keep somebody talking/waiting — retenir/faire attendre quelqu'un

I won't keep you to your promise — tu n'es pas obligé de tenir ta promesse

to keep an engine running — laisser un moteur en marche

2) ( detain) retenir

I won't keep you a minute — je n'en ai pas pour longtemps

3) ( retain) garder

4) ( have and look after) tenir [shop]; avoir [dog]; élever [chickens]

5) ( sustain)

to keep something going — entretenir quelque chose [conversation, fire, tradition]

I'll make you a sandwich to keep you going — je te ferai un sandwich pour que tu tiennes le coup

have you got enough work to keep you going? — avez-vous assez de travail pour vous occuper?

6) ( store) mettre, ranger

I keep a spare key — j'ai un double de la clé

7) ( have in stock) vendre, avoir

8) ( support financially) faire vivre, entretenir [family]; avoir [servant]

9) ( maintain by writing in) tenir [accounts, diary]

10) ( conceal)

to keep something from somebody — taire or cacher quelque chose à quelqu'un

11) ( prevent)

to keep somebody from doing — empêcher quelqu'un de faire

12) ( observe) tenir [promise]; garder [secret]; se rendre à [appointment]; célébrer [occasion]; observer [commandments]

13) Music

to keep time ou the beat — battre la mesure

14) ( maintain) entretenir [car, house]
3.
intransitive verb (prét, pp kept)

1) ( continue)

to keep doing — continuer à or de faire, ne pas arrêter de faire

to keep going — continuer

keep at it! — persévérez!

keep straight on — continuez tout droit

‘keep left’ — ‘tenez votre gauche’

2) ( remain)

to keep indoors — rester à l'intérieur

to keep out of the rain — se protéger de la pluie

to keep warm — se protéger du froid

to keep calm — rester calme

to keep silent — garder le silence

3) ( stay in good condition) [food] se conserver, se garder

4) ( wait) [news, business] attendre

5) ( in health)

‘how are you keeping?’ — ‘comment allez-vous?’

she's keeping well — elle va bien
4.
reflexive verb

to keep oneself — subvenir à ses propres besoins

to keep oneself warm — se protéger du froid

to keep oneself healthy — rester en forme

to keep oneself to oneself — ne pas être sociable
5.
for keeps adverbial phrase pour de bon, pour toujours

Phrasal Verbs:

- keep at

- keep away

- keep back

- keep down

- keep in

- keep off

- keep on

- keep out

- keep to

- keep under

- keep up

- keep up with

••

to keep in with somebody — rester en bons termes avec quelqu'un

English-French dictionary > keep
17 keep

keep [ki:p]

garder ⇒ 1A (a)-(c), 1B (e), 1D (d) mettre ⇒ 1A (c) retenir ⇒ 1B (d) avoir ⇒ 1C (b) tenir ⇒ 1C (c) vendre ⇒ 1C (d) élever ⇒ 1C (e) observer ⇒ 1D (b) maintenir ⇒ 1D (c) continuer ⇒ 2 (a) rester ⇒ 2 (b) se tenir ⇒ 2 (b) se conserver ⇒ 2 (c) aller ⇒ 2 (d)

(pt & pp kept [kept])

1 transitive verb

A.

(a) (retain → receipt, change) garder;

∎ you can keep the book I lent you vous pouvez garder le livre que je vous ai prêté;

∎ she's kept her English accent elle a gardé son accent anglais;

∎ please keep your seats veuillez rester assis;

∎ he's never kept a job for more than a year il n'a jamais gardé ou conservé le même emploi plus d'un an;

∎ to keep a secret garder un secret;

∎ to keep one's temper/composure garder son calme/son sang-froid;

∎ to keep one's figure garder la ligne;

∎ to keep its shape/colour (garment) conserver sa forme/couleur;

∎ to keep sth to oneself garder qch pour soi;

∎ they kept the discovery to themselves ils ont gardé la découverte pour eux;

∎ keep it to yourself! garde ça pour toi!;

∎ you can keep your snide remarks to yourself! tu peux garder tes remarques déplaisantes pour toi!;

∎ keep your hands to yourself! bas les mains!;

∎ to keep oneself to oneself rester dans son coin;

∎ they keep themselves very much to themselves ils ne se mêlent pas du tout aux autres;

∎ familiar if that's your idea of a holiday, you can keep it! si c'est ça ton idée des vacances, tu peux te la garder!;

∎ familiar tell him he can keep his rotten job! dis-lui qu'il peut se le garder, son sale boulot!

(b) (save) garder;

∎ to keep sth for sb garder qch pour qn;

∎ we've kept some cake for you on t'a gardé du gâteau;

∎ can you keep my seat? pouvez-vous (me) garder ma place?;

∎ we'll keep the tickets for you until Wednesday nous vous garderons les tickets jusqu'à mercredi;

∎ I'm keeping this cigar for later je garde ce cigare pour plus tard

(c) (store, put) mettre, garder;

∎ she keeps her money in the bank elle met son argent à la banque;

∎ I keep my comb in my pocket je mets toujours mon peigne dans ma poche;

∎ how long can you keep fish in the freezer? combien de temps peut-on garder ou conserver du poisson au congélateur?;

∎ where do you keep the playing cards? où est-ce que vous rangez les cartes à jouer?;

∎ I've got nowhere to keep my books je n'ai nulle part où mettre mes livres;

∎ keep out of the reach of children (on medicine, harmful products) ne pas laisser à la portée des enfants

B.

(a) (with adj complement) (maintain in the specified state) to keep sth clean/secret tenir qch propre/secret;

∎ to keep sb quiet faire tenir qn tranquille;

∎ to keep oneself warm (by staying in the warmth) se tenir au chaud; (by dressing warmly) s'habiller chaudement;

∎ to keep sth warm garder qch au chaud;

∎ the noise kept me awake le bruit m'a empêché de dormir, le bruit m'a tenu éveillé;

∎ to keep the door open/shut garder ou laisser la porte ouverte/fermée;

∎ the doors are kept locked les portes sont toujours fermées à clef;

∎ to keep sth up to date tenir qch à jour

(b) (with adv complement) (maintain in the specified manner or place) a well-kept/badly kept office un bureau bien/mal tenu;

∎ the weather kept us indoors le temps nous a empêchés de sortir;

∎ troops were kept on the alert les soldats ont été maintenus en état d'alerte;

∎ he kept his hands in his pockets il a gardé les mains dans les poches;

∎ keep your eyes on the red dot ne quittez pas le point rouge des yeux;

∎ keep the noise to a minimum essayez de ne pas faire trop de bruit

(c) (with present participle) to keep sb waiting faire attendre qn;

∎ keep the engine running n'arrêtez pas le moteur;

∎ we kept the fire burning all night nous avons laissé le feu allumé toute la nuit;

∎ to keep sth going (organization, business) faire marcher qch; (music, conversation) ne pas laisser qch s'arrêter;

∎ alcohol is the only thing that keeps me going l'alcool est la seule chose qui me permette de tenir (le coup)

(d) (delay) retenir;

∎ I hope I've not kept you j'espère que je ne vous ai pas retenu;

∎ what kept you? qu'est-ce qui t'a retenu?

(e) (detain) garder;

∎ to keep sb in hospital/prison garder qn à l'hôpital/en prison;

∎ the doctor kept him in bed le médecin l'a obligé à garder le lit;

∎ I don't want to keep you from your work je ne veux pas vous empêcher de travailler;

∎ there was nothing to keep me in England/with that company rien ne me retenait en Angleterre/dans cette entreprise

C.

(a) (support)

∎ he hardly earns enough to keep himself il gagne à peine de quoi vivre;

∎ she has a husband and six children to keep elle a un mari et six enfants à nourrir;

∎ it keeps me in cigarettes ça paie mes cigarettes;

∎ the grant barely keeps me in food ma bourse me permet tout juste de me payer de quoi manger

(b) (have as dependant or employee) avoir;

∎ he keeps a mistress il a une maîtresse;

∎ they keep a maid and a gardener ils ont une bonne et un jardinier

(c) (run → shop, business) tenir

(d) Commerce (have in stock) vendre;

∎ I'm afraid we don't keep that article je regrette, nous ne vendons pas ou nous ne faisons pas cet article

(e) (farm animals) élever;

∎ they keep pigs/bees ils élèvent des porcs/des abeilles

(f) (diary, list etc) tenir;

∎ my secretary keeps my accounts ma secrétaire tient ou s'occupe de ma comptabilité;

∎ to keep a record of events prendre les événements en note;

∎ to keep a note of sth noter qch

D.

(a) (fulfil → a promise) tenir;

∎ to keep one's word tenir sa parole

(b) (observe → silence) observer; (→ the Sabbath) respecter; (→ law) respecter, observer; (→ vow) rester fidèle à; (→ treaty) tenir, respecter, observer; (→ date, appointment) ne pas manquer;

∎ Religion to keep the commandments observer les commandements

(c) (uphold) maintenir;

∎ to keep order/the peace maintenir l'ordre/la paix;

∎ to keep a lookout faire le guet

(d) (guard) garder;

∎ to keep goal être gardien de but;

∎ to keep wicket (in cricket) garder le guichet;

∎ archaic God keep you! Dieu vous garde!

E.

(a) (prevent)

∎ to keep sb from doing sth empêcher qn de faire qch;

∎ nothing will keep me from going rien ne m'empêchera d'y aller

(b) (withhold)

∎ to keep sth from sb cacher qch à qn;

∎ to keep information from sb dissimuler des informations à qn;

∎ I can't keep anything from her je ne peux rien lui cacher;

∎ they deliberately kept the news from his family ils ont fait exprès de cacher les nouvelles à sa famille

2 intransitive verb

(a) (with present participle) (continue) continuer;

∎ letters keep pouring in les lettres continuent d'affluer;

∎ don't keep apologizing arrête de t'excuser;

∎ they keep teasing him ils n'arrêtent pas de le taquiner;

∎ to keep smiling garder le sourire;

∎ don't keep asking questions ne posez pas tout le temps des questions;

∎ I wish you wouldn't keep saying that j'aimerais bien que tu arrêtes de répéter cela;

∎ she had several failures but kept trying elle a essuyé plusieurs échecs mais elle a persévéré;

∎ to keep going (not give up) continuer;

∎ keep going till you get to the crossroads allez jusqu'au croisement;

∎ she kept going when everyone else had given up elle a continué alors que tous les autres avaient abandonné;

∎ with so few customers, it's a wonder the shop keeps going avec si peu de clients, c'est un miracle que le magasin ne ferme pas

(b) (stay, remain) rester, se tenir;

∎ to keep quiet se tenir ou rester tranquille;

∎ keep calm! restez calmes!, du calme!;

∎ she kept warm by jumping up and down elle se tenait chaud en sautillant sur place;

∎ keep to the path ne vous écartez pas du chemin;

∎ to keep in touch with sb rester en contact avec qn;

∎ to keep to oneself se tenir à l'écart

(c) (last, stay fresh) se conserver, se garder;

∎ it will keep for a week in the refrigerator vous pouvez le garder ou conserver au réfrigérateur pendant une semaine;

∎ what I've got to tell you won't keep till tomorrow ce que j'ai à te dire n'attendra pas jusqu'à demain;

∎ will it keep till later? (news) est-ce que ça peut attendre?

(d) (in health) aller;

∎ how are you keeping? comment allez-vous?, comment ça va?;

∎ I'm keeping well je vais bien, ça va (bien);

∎ she doesn't keep well elle ne jouit pas d'une bonne santé

3 noun

(a) (board and lodging)

∎ the grant is supposed to be enough to pay your keep la bourse est censée vous permettre de payer la nourriture et le logement;

∎ he gives his mother £50 a week for his keep il donne 50 livres par semaine à sa mère pour sa pension;

∎ to earn one's keep = payer ou travailler pour être nourri et logé;

∎ our cat certainly earns his keep notre chat vaut bien ce qu'il nous coûte

(b) Architecture & History (in castle) donjon m

(c) (idiom) familiar

∎ for keeps pour de bon^□

➲ keep at

1 separable transitive verb

∎ the sergeant kept us hard at it all morning le sergent nous a fait travailler toute la matinée

2 inseparable transitive verb

(a) (pester) harceler;

∎ she kept at him until he agreed elle l'a harcelé jusqu'à ce qu'il accepte

(b) (idiom)

∎ to keep at it persévérer;

∎ he kept at it until he found a solution il a persévéré jusqu'à trouver une solution

➲ keep away

1 separable transitive verb

tenir éloigné, empêcher d'approcher;

∎ keep the baby away from the fire empêche le bébé d'approcher du feu;

∎ the rain kept a lot of spectators away la pluie a dissuadé bien des spectateurs de venir;

∎ keep that dog away (from me)! tenez ce chien loin de moi!;

∎ the wind will keep the rain away le vent empêchera la pluie

2 intransitive verb

ne pas s'approcher;

∎ keep away (from me)! n'approchez pas!;

∎ keep away from the cooker ne t'approche pas de la cuisinière;

∎ keep away from those people évitez ces gens-là;

∎ I felt my visits were unwelcome and so I kept away je n'avais pas l'impression que mes visites étaient bienvenues, alors je n'y suis plus allé;

∎ I can't keep away from chocolates je ne peux pas résister quand je vois des chocolats

➲ keep back

1 separable transitive verb

(a) (keep at a distance → crowd, spectators) tenir éloigné, empêcher de s'approcher

(b) (not reveal → names, facts) cacher;

∎ I'm sure he's keeping something back (from us) je suis sûr qu'il (nous) cache quelque chose

(c) (retain) retenir;

∎ part of our salary is kept back every month une partie de notre salaire est retenue tous les mois

(d) (detain) retenir;

∎ to be kept back after school être en retenue;

∎ School to be kept back a year redoubler

(e) (restrain) retenir;

∎ he struggled to keep back the tears il s'est efforcé de retenir ses larmes

2 intransitive verb

rester en arrière, ne pas s'approcher;

∎ keep back! restez où vous êtes!, n'approchez pas!

➲ keep behind separable transitive verb

(after meeting, class) retenir

➲ keep down

1 separable transitive verb

(a) (not raise) ne pas lever;

∎ keep your head down! ne lève pas la tête!, garde la tête baissée!;

∎ keep your voices down! parlez moins fort ou plus bas

(b) (prevent from increasing) limiter;

∎ we must keep our expenses down il faut que nous limitions nos dépenses;

∎ our aim is to keep prices down notre but est d'empêcher les prix d'augmenter;

∎ to keep one's weight down garder la ligne

(c) (repress) réprimer; (control → vermin, weeds) empêcher de proliférer;

∎ the army kept the population/the revolt down l'armée a tenu la population en respect/a maté la révolte;

∎ you can't keep a good man down rien n'arrête un homme de mérite

(d) (food) garder;

∎ she can't keep solid foods down son estomac ne garde aucun aliment solide

(e) School faire redoubler;

∎ to be kept down a year redoubler une année

2 intransitive verb

ne pas se relever;

∎ keep down! ne vous relevez pas!

➲ keep from inseparable transitive verb

s'empêcher de, se retenir de;

∎ I couldn't keep from laughing je n'ai pas pu m'empêcher de rire

➲ keep in

1 separable transitive verb

(a) (not allow out) empêcher de sortir; School donner une consigne à, garder en retenue;

∎ the bad weather kept us in le mauvais temps nous a empêchés de sortir;

∎ they're keeping him in overnight (in hospital) ils le gardent pour la nuit

(b) (fire) entretenir

(c) (stomach) rentrer

(d) (idiom)

∎ to keep one's hand in garder la main

2 intransitive verb

(not go out) ne pas sortir, rester chez soi

➲ keep in with inseparable transitive verb

∎ to keep in with sb ne pas se mettre mal avec qn

➲ keep off

1 separable transitive verb

(a) (dogs, birds, trespassers) éloigner; (rain, sun) protéger de;

∎ this cream will keep the mosquitoes off cette crème vous/le/te/ etc protégera contre les moustiques;

∎ keep your hands off! pas touche!, bas les pattes!

(b) (coat, hat) ne pas remettre

2 inseparable transitive verb

(a) (avoid) éviter;

∎ keep off drink and tobacco évitez l'alcool et le tabac;

∎ we tried to keep off the topic on a essayé d'éviter le sujet

(b) (keep at a distance from) ne pas s'approcher de;

∎ keep off the grass (sign) pelouse interdite

3 intransitive verb

(a) (keep at a distance) ne pas s'approcher;

∎ that's mine, keep off! c'est à moi, n'y touchez pas!

(b) (weather)

∎ the rain/snow kept off il n'a pas plu/neigé;

∎ if the storm keeps off si l'orage n'éclate pas

➲ keep on

1 separable transitive verb

(a) (coat, hat) garder

(b) (employee) garder

(c) (not turn off)

∎ to keep the central heating on laisser le chauffage central en marche;

∎ don't keep the lights on all day ne laissez pas la lumière allumée toute la journée

2 intransitive verb

(a) (continue) continuer;

∎ keep on until you come to a crossroads continuez jusqu'à ce que vous arriviez à un carrefour;

∎ they kept on talking ils ont continué à parler;

∎ don't keep on asking questions ne posez pas tout le temps des questions;

∎ I keep on making the same mistakes je fais toujours les mêmes erreurs

(b) familiar (talk continually) parler sans cesse;

∎ he keeps on about his kids il n'arrête pas de parler de ses gosses;

∎ don't keep on about it! ça suffit, j'ai compris!;

∎ he just keeps on and on about it il n'arrête pas d'en parler

➲ keep on at inseparable transitive verb

familiar (pester)

∎ to keep on at sb (to do sth) harceler qn (pour qu'il fasse qch)^□

➲ keep out

1 separable transitive verb

empêcher d'entrer;

∎ a guard dog to keep intruders out un chien de garde pour décourager les intrus;

∎ a scarf to keep the cold out une écharpe pour vous protéger du froid

2 intransitive verb

ne pas entrer;

∎ keep out (sign) défense d'entrer, entrée interdite;

∎ to keep out of an argument ne pas intervenir dans une discussion;

∎ to keep out of danger rester à l'abri du danger;

∎ try to keep out of trouble essaie de ne pas t'attirer d'ennuis

➲ keep to inseparable transitive verb

(a) (observe, respect) respecter;

∎ you must keep to the deadlines vous devez respecter les délais

(b) (not deviate from) ne pas s'écarter de;

∎ to keep to the script (actors) s'en tenir au script;

∎ keep to the point or the subject! ne vous écartez pas du sujet!;

∎ keep to the main roads when it's icy restez sur les grandes routes quand il y a du verglas

(c) (stay in) garder;

∎ to keep to one's room/bed garder la chambre/le lit

➲ keep together

1 separable transitive verb

ne pas séparer;

∎ I'd like them to be kept together j'aimerais qu'ils ne soient pas séparés

2 intransitive verb

rester ensemble

➲ keep under separable transitive verb

(a) (repress) réprimer

(b) (with drug)

∎ he's being kept under with Pentothal on le garde sous Pentothal

➲ keep up

1 separable transitive verb

(a) (prevent from falling → shelf, roof) maintenir;

∎ I need a belt to keep my trousers up j'ai besoin d'une ceinture pour empêcher mon pantalon de tomber;

∎ figurative it will keep prices up ça empêchera les prix de baisser;

∎ it's to keep the troops' morale up c'est pour maintenir le moral des troupes;

∎ keep your spirits up! ne te laisse pas abattre!

(b) (maintain → attack, bombardment) poursuivre; (→ correspondence, contacts, conversation) entretenir;

∎ you have to keep up the payments on ne peut pas interrompre les versements;

∎ she kept up a constant flow of questions elle ne cessait de poser des questions;

∎ it's a tradition which hasn't been kept up c'est une tradition qui s'est perdue;

∎ keep up the good work! c'est du bon travail, continuez!;

∎ you're doing well, keep it up! c'est bien, continuez!;

∎ once they start talking politics, they can keep it up all night une fois lancés sur la politique, ils sont capables d'y passer la nuit

(c) (prevent from going to bed) empêcher de dormir;

∎ the baby kept us up all night nous n'avons pas pu fermer l'œil de la nuit à cause du bébé

(d) (not allow to deteriorate → house, garden) entretenir;

∎ the lawns haven't been kept up les pelouses n'ont pas été entretenues;

∎ she goes to evening classes to keep up her French elle suit des cours du soir pour entretenir son français

2 intransitive verb

(a) (continue) continuer;

∎ if this noise keeps up much longer, I'm going to scream! si ce bruit continue, je crois que je vais hurler!

(b) (not fall) se maintenir;

∎ if prices keep up si les prix se maintiennent;

∎ how are their spirits keeping up? est-ce qu'ils gardent le moral?

(c) (not fall behind) suivre;

∎ he's finding it hard to keep up in his new class il a du mal à suivre dans sa nouvelle classe;

∎ things change so quickly I can't keep up les choses bougent si vite que j'ai du mal à suivre

➲ keep up with inseparable transitive verb

(a) (stay abreast of)

∎ to keep up with the news se tenir au courant de l'actualité;

∎ I can barely keep up with her (she changes so much) ça change tellement vite avec elle que j'ai du mal à suivre;

∎ to keep up with the times être à la page

(b) (keep in touch with) rester en contact avec;

∎ have you kept up with your cousin in Australia? est-ce que tu es resté en contact avec ton cousin d'Australie?

(c) (remain level with)

∎ to keep up with sb aller à la même allure que qn;

∎ I can't keep up with you vous marchez/parlez/ etc trop vite pour moi;

∎ he couldn't keep up with the rest of the children in his class il n'arrivait pas à suivre dans sa classe

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Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > keep
18 impedir

impedir ( conjugate impedir) verbo transitivo
a) ( imposibilitar) to prevent;

◊ nadie te lo impide nobody's stopping you;
impedirle a algn hacer algo to prevent sb from doing sth; quiso impedir que nos viéramos she tried to stop us seeing each other
b) ‹paso/entrada› to block

c) ( dificultar) to hamper, hinder

impedir verbo transitivo
1 (entorpecer) to impede, hinder: un coche impedía el paso a la ambulancia, a car was in the way of the ambulance
2 (frustrar) to prevent, stop ' impedir' also found in these entries: Spanish: atravesar - bloquear - cortar - imposibilitar - inmovilizar - trabar - evitar - impida English: bar - deter - forestall - impede - inhibit - interfere - keep - occur - prevent - restrain - stop - avert - obscure - prohibit

English-spanish dictionary > impedir
19 keep

keep

A n

1 ( maintenance) pension f ; to pay for one's keep payer une pension ; to work for one's keep travailler pour payer sa pension ; to earn one's keep [person] gagner de quoi vivre ; [factory, branch] fig être viable ;

2 Archit donjon m.

B vtr ( prét, pp kept)

1 ( cause to remain) to keep sb in hospital/indoors [person] garder qn à l'hôpital/à l'intérieur ; [illness] retenir qn à l'hôpital/à l'intérieur ; to keep sth/sb clean garder qch/qn propre ; to keep sth warm/cool garder qch au chaud/au frais ; to keep sb warm/cool protéger qn du froid/de la chaleur ; to be kept clean/warm/locked rester propre/au chaud/fermé (à clé) ; to keep sb talking/waiting retenir/faire attendre qn ; I won't keep you to your promise tu n'es pas obligé de tenir ta promesse ; to keep an engine/machine running laisser un moteur/une machine en marche ; bronchitis kept him in bed une bronchite l'a obligé à garder le lit ;

2 ( detain) retenir ; there's nothing to keep me here (plus) rien ne me retient ici ; don't let me keep you! je ne veux pas vous retenir! ; what kept you? qu'est-ce qui t'a retenu? ; I won't keep you a minute je n'en ai pas pour longtemps ; the police are keeping him for questioning la police le garde à vue pour l'interroger ;

3 ( retain) garder, conserver [book, letter, money, receipt] ; garder [job] ; garder [seat, place] (for pour) ; garder, mettre [qch] de côté [ticket, bread] (for pour) ; we keep these glasses for special occasions nous gardons ces verres pour les grandes occasions ; this pullover has kept its colour/shape ce pull-over a gardé sa couleur/forme ;

4 ( have and look after) tenir [shop, restaurant] ; avoir [dog, cat] ; élever [sheep, chickens] ;

5 ( sustain) to keep sth going entretenir qch [conversation, fire, tradition] ; I'll make you a sandwich to keep you going je te ferai un sandwich pour que tu tiennes le coup ; it was only his work that kept him going sans son travail il n'aurait pas tenu le coup ; have you got enough work to keep you going? avez-vous assez de travail pour vous occuper? ;

6 ( store) mettre, ranger ; I keep my money in a safe je mets mon argent dans un coffre-fort ; where do you keep your cups? où rangez-vous vos tasses? ; I keep a spare key in the cupboard j'ai un double de la clé dans le placard ;

7 ( have in stock) [shop, shopkeeper] vendre, avoir [brand, product] ;

8 ( support financially) faire vivre, entretenir [husband, wife, family] ; entretenir [lover] ; avoir [servant] ; fig it'll keep us in beer ça nous permettra de tenir le coup ;

9 ( maintain by writing in) tenir [accounts, list, diary, record] ;

10 ( conceal) to keep sth from sb taire or cacher qch à qn ;

11 ( prevent) to keep sb from doing empêcher qn de faire ;

12 ( observe) tenir [promise] ; garder [secret] ; se rendre à, venir à [appointment, date] ; célébrer [occasion, festival] ; observer [commandments, sabbath, Lent] ;

13 Mus to keep time ou the beat battre la mesure ;

14 †( protect) [God] garder†, protéger [person] (from de) ; [person] défendre [gate, bridge] ;

15 ( maintain) entretenir [car, house] ; well/badly kept bien/mal entretenu.

C vi ( prét, pp kept)

1 to keep doing ( continue) continuer à or de faire ; ( do repeatedly) ne pas arrêter de faire ; to keep going lit continuer ; I don't know how she keeps going! je ne sais pas comment elle tient le coup! ; keep at it! persévérez! ; keep west/straight on continuez vers l'ouest/tout droit ; ‘keep left/right’ ‘tenez votre gauche/droite’ ;

2 ( remain) to keep indoors rester à l'intérieur ; to keep out of the rain se protéger de la pluie ; to keep warm/cool se protéger du froid/de la chaleur ; to keep calm rester calme ; to keep silent ou quiet garder le silence ;

3 ( stay in good condition) [food] se conserver, se garder ;

4 ( wait) [news, business, work] attendre ; I've got something to tell you, it won't keep j'ai quelque chose à te dire, ça ne peut pas attendre ;

5 ( in health) ‘how are you keeping?’ ‘comment allez-vous?’ ; she's keeping well elle va bien.

D v refl to keep oneself subvenir à ses propres besoins ; to keep oneself warm/cool se protéger du froid/de la chaleur ; to keep oneself healthy rester en forme ; to keep oneself to oneself ne pas être sociable ; to keep oneself from doing s'empêcher de faire.

E for keeps adv phr pour de bon, pour toujours.

Idioms

to keep in with sb rester en bons termes avec qn ; to try to keep up with the Joneses rivaliser avec ses voisins ; you can't keep a good man down la compétence finit par être reconnue ; ⇒ clear.

Phrasal verbs

■ keep after:

▶ keep after [sb]

1 ( pursue) pourchasser ;

2 ( chivvy) harceler.

■ keep at:

▶ keep at [sb] US harceler, casser les pieds ○ à [person] ;

▶ keep at it persévérer.

■ keep away:

▶ keep away ne pas s'approcher (from de) ;

▶ keep [sth/sb] away empêcher [qch/qn] de s'approcher, tenir [qch/qn] à distance ; to keep sb away from ( prevent from getting close to) empêcher qn de s'approcher de, tenir qn à distance de [person, fire] ; ( cause to be absent from) tenir qn éloigné de [family] ; to keep sb away from his work empêcher qn de travailler.

■ keep back:

▶ keep back rester en arrière, ne pas s'approcher ; keep back! ne vous approchez pas!, n'avancez pas! ; to keep back from sth ne pas s'approcher de qch ;

▶ keep [sth/sb] back, keep back [sth/sb]

1 ( prevent from advancing) empêcher [qn] de s'approcher [person, crowd] (from de) ; faire redoubler [pupil, student] ; [barrier, dam] retenir [water] ; he kept his hair back with an elastic band il avait les cheveux retenus en arrière par un élastique ;

2 ( retain) garder [money] ; conserver [food, objects] ;

3 ( conceal) cacher [information, fact, detail] (from à) ;

4 ( prevent from doing) retenir [person].

■ keep down:

▶ keep down rester allongé ; keep down! ne bougez pas! ;

▶ keep [sth] down, keep down [sth]

1 ( cause to remain at a low level) limiter [number, speed, costs, expenditure, inflation] ; limiter l'augmentation de [prices, costs, wages, unemployment] ; maîtriser, juguler [inflation] ; to keep one's weight down surveiller son poids ; keep your voice down! baisse la voix! ; keep the noise down! faites moins de bruit! ;

2 ( retain in stomach) garder [food] ;

▶ keep [sb] down

1 GB Sch ( cause to repeat a year) faire redoubler [pupil] ;

2 ( repress) opprimer [people] ; réprimer [revolt].

■ keep in:

▶ keep in [car, cyclist, driver etc] GB tenir sa gauche ; ( elsewhere) tenir sa droite ;

▶ keep [sb/sth] in

1 ( cause to remain inside) empêcher [qn/qch] de sortir [person, animal] ; garder [dentures, contact lenses] ; they're keeping her in ( in hospital) ils la gardent ;

2 ( restrain) rentrer [stomach, elbows] ; réprimer [emotions, anger, impatience] ;

3 Sch ( cause to stay at school) garder [qn] en retenue, coller ○ [pupil].

■ keep off:

▶ keep off

1 ( stay at a distance) keep off! n'avancez pas! ;

2 ( not start) I hope the rain/storm keeps off j'espère qu'il ne pleuvra pas/que l'orage n'éclatera pas ;

▶ keep off [sth]

1 ( stay away from) ne pas marcher sur ; ‘Please keep off the grass’ ‘Défense de marcher sur la pelouse’ ;

2 ( refrain from) s'abstenir de consommer, éviter [fatty food, alcohol] ; s'abstenir de parler de [subject] ; to keep off cigarettes ne pas fumer ;

▶ keep [sth] off, keep off [sth]

1 ( prevent from touching) éloigner [animals, insects] ; this plastic sheet will keep the rain/ dust off cette housse en plastique protège contre la pluie/la poussière ;

2 ( continue not to wear) ne pas remettre [shoes, hat] ;

▶ keep sb off [sth] ( cause to refrain from) éviter de donner [qch] à qn [food, alcohol] ; empêcher qn de parler de [subject].

■ keep on:

▶ keep on doing ( not stop) continuer à faire ; ( do repeatedly) ne pas cesser de faire ; to keep on with sth poursuivre qch ; to keep on about sth ne pas arrêter de parler de qch ; to keep on at sb harceler qn, casser les pieds ○ à qn (to do pour qu'il fasse) ;

▶ keep [sb/sth] on garder [employee, flat, hat, shoes].

■ keep out:

▶ keep out of [sth]

1 ( not enter) ne pas entrer dans [area, house] ; ‘keep out!’ ( on notice) ‘défense d'entrer’ ;

2 ( avoid being exposed to) rester à l'abri de [sun, rain, danger] ;

3 ( avoid getting involved in) ne pas se mêler de [argument] ; keep out of this! ne t'en mêle pas! ; to keep out of sb's way, to keep out of the way of sb ( not hinder) ne pas encombrer qn ; ( avoid seeing) éviter qn ; try to keep out of trouble! essaie de bien te conduire! ;

▶ keep [sb/sth] out, keep out [sb/sth] ( not allow to enter) ne pas laisser entrer [person, animal] ; to keep the rain out empêcher la pluie d'entrer ; I wore an extra pullover to keep out the cold j'ai mis un pull-over de plus pour me protéger du froid ; to keep sb out of sth ( not allow to get involved in) ne pas vouloir mêler qn à qch ; ( not allow to enter) ne pas laisser entrer qn dans qch ; to keep sb out of trouble empêcher qn de faire des bêtises ; to keep sb/sth out of sb's way faire en sorte que qn/qch ne soit pas sur le chemin de qn.

■ keep to:

▶ keep to [sth] ( stick to) lit ne pas s'écarter de, rester sur [road, path] ; fig respecter, s'en tenir à [timetable, facts, plan] ; respecter [law, rules] ; ‘keep to the left/right’ ‘tenez votre gauche/droite’ ; to keep to one's bed garder le lit ; to keep to one's home rester chez soi ;

▶ keep sb to [sth] ( cause to remain on) empêcher qn de s'écarter de [route] ; forcer qn à tenir [promise] ;

▶ keep [sth] to ( restrict) limiter [qch] à [weight, number] ; to keep sth to oneself garder qch pour soi [secret, information, opinion] ; he can't keep his hands to himself ○ il a les mains baladeuses ○ ; keep your hands to yourself! bas les pattes ○ !

■ keep under:

▶ keep [sb] under

1 ( dominate) assujettir, soumettre [race, slaves, inhabitants] ;

2 ( cause to remain unconscious) maintenir [qn] inconscient.

■ keep up:

▶ keep up

1 ( progress at same speed) ( all contexts) [car, runner, person] suivre ; [business rivals, competitors] rester à la hauteur ;

2 ( continue) [price] se maintenir ; if the rain keeps up I'm not going s'il continue à pleuvoir je n'y vais pas ;

▶ keep [sth] up, keep up [sth]

1 ( cause to remain in position) tenir [trousers] ; ‘keep your hands up!’ ( by gunman) ‘gardez les mains en l'air!’ ;

2 ( continue) continuer [attack, bombardment, studies] ; entretenir [correspondence, friendship] ; maintenir [membership, tradition] ; garder [pace] ; to keep up the pressure continuer à faire pression (for pour obtenir ; on sur) ; he kept up his German by going to evening classes il a entretenu son allemand en suivant des cours du soir ; to keep up one's strength/spirits garder ses forces/le moral ; keep it up!, keep up the good work! continuez comme ça! ;

▶ keep [sb] up ( maintain awake) faire veiller [child, person] ; [noise, illness] empêcher [qn] de dormir ; I hope I'm not keeping you up ( politely) j'espère que je ne vous oblige pas à veiller ; ( ironically) j'espère que je ne vous empêche pas de dormir.

■ keep up with:

▶ keep up with [sb/sth]

1 ( progress at same speed as) ( physically) aller aussi vite que [person, group] ; ( mentally) suivre [class, work, lecture] ; [company, country] se maintenir à la hauteur de [competitors] ; Econ [wages, pensions] suivre [prices, inflation, cost of living] ; faire face à [demand] ;

2 ( be informed about) suivre [fashion, developments, news] ;

3 ( remain in contact with) garder le contact avec [schoolfriends, colleagues]. ⇒ end, pecker.

Big English-French dictionary > keep
20 hold

hold ⇒ Capacity measurement

A n

1 (grasp, grip) prise f ; to get hold of attraper [rope, handle] ; to keep (a) hold of ou on tenir [ball, rail, hand] ; ⇒ catch, grab, grasp, seize, take ;

2 ( possession) to get hold of se procurer [book, ticket, document] ; [press] avoir vent de [story] ; découvrir [details, information] ;

3 ( contact) to get hold of ( by phone) joindre [person] ; ( by other means) trouver [person] ;

4 ( control) emprise f (on, over sur) ; to have a hold on ou over sb avoir de l'emprise sur qn ; to get a hold of oneself se reprendre ;

5 (storage, area) Aviat soute f ; Naut cale f ;

6 Sport ( in wrestling) prise f ; to have sb in a hold faire une prise à qn ;

7 (of hairspray, gel) fixation f ; normal/extra hold fixation normale/extra-forte.

B vtr ( prét, pp held)

1 ( clasp) tenir [object, hand, person] (above, over au-dessus de ; against contre) ; to hold sth in one's hand tenir qch à la main [brush, pencil, stick] ; ( enclosed) tenir qch dans la main [button, coin, sweet] ; to hold sth/sb by tenir qch/qn par [handle, stem, sleeve, leg] ; to hold one's stomach/head (in pain) se tenir l'estomac/la tête (à cause de la douleur) ; to hold sb (in one's arms) serrer qn dans ses bras ; to hold each other se serrer l'un contre l'autre ; can you hold my bag for me? tu peux me tenir mon sac? ;

2 ( maintain) to hold one's head upright/still tenir sa tête droite/immobile ; to hold one's hands apart/still tenir ses mains écartées/immobiles ; to hold a pose/smile garder une pose/un sourire ; to hold sth in place ou position maintenir qch en place ; to hold one's speed maintenir sa vitesse ;

3 ( arrange) organiser, tenir [meeting, talks] ; organiser [competition, ballot, demonstration, course, election] ; organiser, donner [party, reception] ; organiser, monter [exhibition, show] ; avoir [conversation] ; célébrer [church service] ; mener [enquiry] ; faire passer [interview] ; to be held avoir lieu ;

4 ( have capacity for) [box, case, tank] (pouvoir) contenir [objects, amount] ; [theatre, room] avoir une capacité de [350 people] ; the bus holds ten (people) le bus a dix places ; to (be able to) hold one's drink ou liquor tenir l'alcool ;

5 ( contain) [drawer, cupboard, box, case] contenir [objects, possessions] ;

6 ( support) [shelf, fridge, branch, roof] supporter [weight, load, crate] ; the branch won't hold you la branche ne supportera pas ton poids ;

7 ( restrain) [dam, wall] retenir, contenir [water, flood waters] ; [person] tenir [dog] ; maîtriser [thief] ; there is/there'll be no holding him fig on ne peut/pourra plus l'arrêter ;

8 ( keep against will) [police, kidnappers] détenir [person] ; to hold sb prisoner/hostage garder qn prisonnier/en otage ;

9 ( possess) détenir, avoir [shares, power, record, playing card] ; être titulaire de [degree, sporting title, cup] ; occuper [job, position] ; avoir, être en possession de [ticket, passport, licence] ; porter [title] ; Jur, gen [bank, computer, police, solicitor] conserver [document, information, money] ; avoir [mortgage] ;

10 ( keep back) garder [place, seat, ticket] ; faire attendre [train, flight] ; mettre [qch] en attente [letter, order] ; hold it ○ ! minute ○ ! ; hold everything! arrête tout! ; two burgers, but hold the mustard! deux hamburgers, sans moutarde ;

11 ( believe) avoir [opinion, belief] ; to hold sb/sth to be tenir qn/qch pour, considérer qn/qch comme ; to hold that [person] soutenir que ; [law, theory] dire que ; to hold sb liable ou responsible tenir qn pour responsable ;

12 ( defend successfully) Mil tenir [territory, city, bridge] ; Pol, Sport conserver [title, seat, lead, position] ; ( in tennis) to hold one's serve ou service gagner or remporter son service ; to hold one's own [person] se défendre tout seul (against contre) ; [army] tenir bon (against devant) ;

13 ( captivate) captiver [person, audience, class] ; capter, retenir [attention, interest] ;

14 Telecom to hold the line patienter, rester en ligne ; can you hold the line please ne quittez pas s'il vous plaît ;

15 Mus tenir [note] (for pendant) ;

16 Aut to hold the road tenir la route.

C vi ( prét, pp held)

1 ( remain intact) [rope, shelf, bridge, dam, glue] tenir ; fig ( also hold good) [theory, offer, objection, law] tenir ;

2 ( continue) [weather] rester beau/belle, se maintenir ; [luck] continuer, durer ;

3 Telecom patienter ;

4 ( remain steady) hold still! tiens-toi tranquille!

D v refl ( prét, pp held) to hold oneself upright/well se tenir droit/bien.

E on hold adv phr

1 Telecom en attente ; to put sb on hold Telecom faire patienter qn ; to put a call on hold Telecom mettre un appel en attente ;

2 to put one's plan/a project on hold gen laisser ses projets/un projet en suspens.

Phrasal verbs

■ hold against: to hold sth against sb reprocher qch à qn ; to hold it against sb that en vouloir à qn parce que ; I don't hold it against him/them je ne lui/leur en veux pas ; your age could be held against you ton âge pourrait jouer en ta défaveur.

■ hold back:

▶ hold back se retenir ; to hold back from doing se retenir de faire, préférer ne pas faire ;

▶ hold [sb/sth] back, hold back [sb/sth]

1 ( restrain) contenir [water, tide, crowd, animals] ; retenir [hair, tears] ; retenir [person] ; refouler [feelings] ; contenir [anger] ; to hold back one's laughter se retenir or s'empêcher de rire ;

2 ( prevent progress of) ( involuntarily) [person] retarder [person, group] ; ( deliberately) [person] retenir [person] ; [background, poor education] gêner [person] ; entraver [production, progress, development] ;

3 ( withhold) [person, government, organization] cacher [information, result] ; ( to protect privacy) tenir [qch] secret, ne pas divulguer [name, information, identity] ; [person, company] différer [payment].

■ hold down:

▶ hold [sb/sth] down, hold down [sb/sth]

1 ( prevent from moving) maintenir [qch] en place [tent, carpet, piece of paper] ; tenir, maîtriser [person] ;

2 ( press down) appuyer sur [pedal, key] ;

3 ( keep at certain level) limiter [number, rate, expenditure, costs, inflation] ; limiter l'augmentation de [wages, taxes, prices] ;

4 ( keep) ( not lose) garder [job] ; ( have) avoir [job].

■ hold forth péj disserter, pérorer pej (about, on sur).

■ hold in:

▶ hold [sth] in, hold in [sth]

1 ( restrain) réprimer, contenir [feeling, anger, disappointment] ;

2 ( pull in) rentrer [stomach, buttocks].

■ hold off:

▶ hold off [enemy] accorder un répit ; [creditors] accorder un délai ; I hope the rain holds off j'espère qu'il ne pleuvra pas ; the rain held off until after the match il s'est mis à pleuvoir après le match ; to hold off buying/making a decision reporter l'achat/la décision à plus tard ; he held off leaving until the weekend il a reporté son départ au week-end ;

▶ hold [sb] off, hold off [sb] tenir [qn] à distance [enemy, creditor, journalists] ; faire patienter [client] ;

▶ hold [sth] off repousser [attack].

■ hold on:

▶ hold on

1 ( wait) gen attendre ; Telecom patienter ; ‘hold on, I'll just get him’ ( on telephone) ‘ne quittez pas, je vais le chercher’ ;

2 ( grip) tenir (with de, avec) ; ‘hold on (tight)!’ ‘tiens-toi (bien)!’ ;

3 ( endure) [person, company] tenir ;

▶ hold [sth] on [screw, glue] maintenir [qch] en place ; to be held on with sth [door, handle, wheel] être maintenu par qch.

■ hold on to:

▶ hold on to [sb/sth]

1 ( grip) s'agripper à [branch, railing, rope] ; s'agripper à, se tenir à [person] ; ( to prevent from falling) agripper, retenir [person] ; serrer [object, purse] ; (bien) tenir [dog] ;

2 ( retain) conserver [power, title, lead] ; garder [shares, car] ; to hold on to one's dreams fig s'accrocher à ses rêves ; to hold on to one's ou the belief that persister à croire que ;

3 ( look after) garder [object] (for pour).

■ hold out:

▶ hold out

1 ( endure) tenir le coup, tenir bon ; to hold out against tenir bon devant [enemy, changes, threat] ;

2 ( remain available) [supplies, food, stocks] durer ;

▶ hold [sth] out, holdout [sth] tendre [glass, money, ticket] (to à) ; to hold out one's hand/leg tendre la main/la jambe ;

▶ hold out [sth] garder, conserver [hope] ; I don't hold out much hope je ne me fais guère d'illusions, je n'ai plus beaucoup d'espoir ; they don't hold out much hope of finding him ils ont perdu presque tout espoir de le retrouver ; to hold out for insister pour obtenir [pay rise, increase] ; to hold out on sb ○ cacher des choses à qn ; they know something, but they're holding out on us ils sont au courant mais ils nous cachent quelque chose.

■ hold over:

▶ hold [sth] over, hold over [sth]

1 ( postpone) ajourner [question, programme] ;

2 ( continue to show) maintenir [qch] à l'affiche [film] ; prolonger [show, exhibition].

■ hold to:

▶ hold to [sth] s'en tenir à [belief, opinion, decision] ;

▶ hold sb to [sth] faire tenir [qch] à qn [promise] ; faire honorer [qch] à qn [contract, offer] ; I'll hold you to that! je note!, je m'en souviendrai!

■ hold together:

▶ hold together

1 ( not break) [car, shoes, chair] tenir ;

2 ( remain united) [family, party] rester uni ; [alliance] rester intact ;

▶ hold [sth] together

1 ( keep intact) faire tenir [car, machine, chair] ; maintenir ensemble [papers, pieces] ; to be held together with sth tenir avec qch ;

2 ( unite) assurer la cohésion de [company, party, government] ; my mother held the family together la famille est restée unie grâce à ma mère.

■ hold up:

▶ hold up

1 ( remain intact) tenir, résister ; to hold up well [currency] résister ;

2 ( remain valid) [theory, argument] tenir ;

▶ hold [sb/sth] up, hold up [sb/sth]

1 ( support) soutenir [shelf, picture] ; tenir [trousers, stockings] ; to be held up by ou with sth tenir avec qch ;

2 ( raise) lever [object] ; to hold one's hand up lever la main ;

3 ( display) to hold sb/sth up as an example ou model of présenter qn/ qch comme un exemple de ; to hold sb up to ridicule tourner qn en ridicule, ridiculiser qn ;

4 ( delay) retarder [person, flight] ; ralentir [production, traffic] ; arrêter, interrompre [procession] ;

5 ( rob) attaquer [train, bank, person].

■ hold with: not to hold with ne pas être d'accord avec [idea, system] ; être contre [television, imitations etc] ; he doesn't hold with teaching children French il est contre le fait qu'on enseigne le français aux enfants.

Big English-French dictionary > hold

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См. также в других словарях:

restrain — re|strain [rıˈstreın] v [T] [Date: 1300 1400; : Old French; Origin: restreindre, from Latin restringere, from stringere; STRINGENT] 1.) to stop someone from doing something, often by using physical force restrain sb from doing sth ▪ I had to… … Dictionary of contemporary English
restrain — verb (T) 1 to prevent someone from doing something harmful or stupid: restrain sb from doing sth: I had to restrain her from running out into the street after him. | restrain yourself (from): She could hardly restrain herself from hitting Walt. 2 … Longman dictionary of contemporary English
hold back — verb 1. hold back, as of a danger or an enemy; check the expansion or influence of (Freq. 4) Arrest the downward trend Check the growth of communism in South East Asia Contain the rebel movement Turn back the tide of communism • Syn: ↑check, ↑ … Useful english dictionary
tie up — verb 1. secure with or as if with ropes (Freq. 3) tie down the prisoners tie up the old newspapers and bring them to the recycling shed • Syn: ↑tie down, ↑bind, ↑truss • Derivationally related forms: ↑ … Useful english dictionary

Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

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to restrain sb from doing sth

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Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

Перевод: с английского на все языки

to restrain sb from doing sth

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